“…The double condensation occurring between amines and ketones forms a pyridazine ring fused with the central thiophene. Therefore, changing the diketone substituents, a large variety of substituted pyrazine rings can be obtained, such as alkyl groups [ 178 , 411 ], unsubstituted and substituted phenyl groups [ 180 , 196 , 412 , 413 , 414 , 415 ], tiophenes [ 413 , 416 , 417 ], furans [ 201 , 418 ], pyridines [ 419 , 420 ], phenazine [ 421 ], naphtalimide [ 185 ], perylene imide [ 422 ] carbazole [ 423 ], and fullerene [ 424 ]. In alternative to α-diketones, an α-diester [ 167 ] or an α-diimine [ 425 ] can be employed for the obtaining of functionalized thienopyrazine units.…”