Conjugated fatty acids and methane production by rumen microbes when incubated with linseed oil alone or mixed with fish oil and/or malate

Abstract

We hypothesized that manipulating metabolism with fish oil and malate as a hydrogen acceptor would affect the biohydrogenation process of α-linolenic acid by rumen microbes. This study was to examine the effect of fish oil and/or malate on the production of conjugated fatty acids and methane (CH4 ) by rumen microbes when incubated with linseed oil. Linseed oil (LO), LO with fish oil (LO-FO), LO with malate (LO-MA), or LO with fish oil and malate (LO-FO-MA) was added to diluted rumen fluid, respectively. The LO-MA and LO-FO-MA increased pH and propionate concentration compared to the other treatments. LO-MA and LO-FO-MA reduced CH4 production compared to LO. LO-MA and LO-FO-MA increased the contents of c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and c9,t11,c15-conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) compared to LO. The content of malate was rapidly reduced while that of lactate was reduced in LO-MA and LO-FO-MA from 3 h incubation time. The fold change of the quantity of methanogen related to total bacteria was decreased at both 3 h and 6 h incubation times in all treatments compared to the control. Overall data indicate that supplementation of combined malate and/or fish oil when incubated with linseed oil, could depress methane generation and increase production of propionate, CLA and CLnA under the conditions of the current in vitro study.

Effects of sunflower oil supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and blood metabolites in crossbred (Macheng Black x Boer) goats

“…In our study, increased sunflower oil concentration could change rumen parameters and protozoa counts, except rumen pH. These results are in agreement with previous studies (Li et al, 2011;Shibata et al, 2011;Talebzadeh et al, 2012;Lin et al, 2013;Li et al, 2015;Ferreira et al, 2016) which using different type of oils and animals. Hartanto et al (2017) reported that supplementation monensin-sunflower oil in goats could reduce the production of in vitro protozoa counts up to 75.47% compared to the control, also decrease NH 3 -N but not affect microbial protein.…”

Nutritional Evaluation of Whole and Lipid-Extracted Biomass of the Microalga Scenedesmus sp. AMDD for Animal Feeds: Simulated Ruminal Fermentation and In Vitro Monogastric Digestibility

“…It has been estimated that 16% of global warming-causing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are in the form of CH4, of which up to 30% is as a direct result of enteric fermentation from ruminant animal agriculture [49,50]. While previous studies have correlated the dietary intake of certain lipids, particularly medium-and long-chain fatty acids, with enteric CH4 abatement [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58], lipid-extracted S-AMDD is virtually devoid of these fatty acids. Based on this finding, it seems clear that lipid-extracted S-AMDD may c ontain unknown anti-methanogenic 'non-fatty acid' substances that have the ability to suppress rumen methanogenesis.…”

In vitro digestion of microalgal biomass from freshwater species isolated in Alberta, Canada for monogastric and ruminant animal feed applications

“…Changes in rumen microbiome with dietary microalgae supplementation could have practical environmental benefits. Certain lipid-rich biomass has been shown to reduce enteric methane emissions from ruminants by inhibiting the activity of ruminal methanogens [37][38][39][40][41][42]. This may help to substantially reduce a major source of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions [43].…”