Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Blends for Electrochromic and Electrochemical Transistor Devices

Zeglio, Erica; Vagin, Mikhail; Musumeci, Chiara; Ajjan, Fatimá Nadia; Gabrielsson, Roger; Trinh, Xuan Thang; Són, Nguyên Tiên; Maziz, Ali; Solin, Niclas; Inganäs, Olle

doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b02501

Cited by 91 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The pulses were 15 s long with amplitude of −600 mV and applied with an interval of 45 s. The ON response time (τ ON ) is defined as the time required to reach 90% of the maximal I D of the resp. pulse . PTHS − TMA + shows the fastest response with 0.2 s, followed by PTHS − TEA + and PTHS − TBA + which have a τ ON of 3.8 and 3.3 s, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Upon applying a negative voltage at the gate electrode, the current between the source and the drain electrode increases, showing that the channel is p‐type doped (Figure b). The negative bias triggers the doping of the polymer via oxidation (along with possible ejection of the counter cation and/or injection of the Cl − of the electrolyte), which increases the current flowing in the channel and switches the device ON . Since we use an aqueous electrolyte, the gate potentials to be applied are limited due to the possible electrolysis (at 1.23 eV at pH 0) and a lack of stability of the oxidized CPE in water .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smaller Counter Cation for Higher Transconductance in Anionic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

Schmidt

ElMahmoudy

Malliaras

et al. 2017

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) are a focus of research because combine their inherent electrical conductivity and the ability to interact with ions in aqueous solutions or biological systems. However, it is still not understood to what degree the counter ion in CPEs influences the properties of the CPE itself and the performance of electronic transducers. In order to investigate this, three different conjugated polyelectrolytes, poly(6‐(thiophen‐3‐yl)hexane‐1‐sulfonate)s (PTHS−X+), are synthesized, which have the same polythiophene backbone but different X+ counter ions: the bulky tetrabutylammonium (TBA+), tetraethylammonium (TEA+), and the smallest tetramethylammonium (TMA+). At the interface with biological systems, thin CPE films have to be stable in an aqueous environment and should allow the inward and outward flow of ions from the electrolyte. Since the studied PTHS−X+ have different solubilities in water, the optical properties of pristine PTHS−X+ as well as of crosslinked PTHS−X+ via UV–vis absorption spectroscopy are investigated additionally. PTHS−TMA+ exhibits better aggregation, fast interdiffusion of ions, and fast recovery from the oxidized state. Additionally, spectroelectrochemical and cyclic voltammetric as well as electrochemical capacitance investigations show that PTHS−TMA+ can be oxidized to a higher degree. This leads to a better performance of PTHS−TMA+‐based organic electrochemical transistors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smaller Counter Cation for Higher Transconductance in Anionic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

Schmidt

ElMahmoudy

Malliaras

et al. 2017

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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show abstract

“…OECTs of these materials are considered to be the best-performing bulk-gated transistors, but operate in depletion mode: they are ON in the absence of a gate bias (21,22). Conjugated polyelectrolytes offer an alternative route to accumulation-mode devices (17,(23)(24)(25). However, ion-free, neutral polymers that use the wealth of synthetic knowledge from traditional organic electronics have not been achieved for aqueous (bulk-gated) OECTs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the mode of operation of organic transistors through side-chain engineering

Giovannitti

Sbircea

Inal

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

429

635

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Electrolyte-gated organic transistors offer low bias operation facilitated by direct contact of the transistor channel with an electrolyte. Their operation mode is generally defined by the dimensionality of charge transport, where a field-effect transistor allows for electrostatic charge accumulation at the electrolyte/semiconductor interface, whereas an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) facilitates penetration of ions into the bulk of the channel, considered a slow process, leading to volumetric doping and electronic transport. Conducting polymer OECTs allow for fast switching and high currents through incorporation of excess, hygroscopic ionic phases, but operate in depletion mode. Here, we show that the use of glycolated side chains on a thiophene backbone can result in accumulation mode OECTs with high currents, transconductance, and sharp subthreshold switching, while maintaining fast switching speeds. Compared with alkylated analogs of the same backbone, the triethylene glycol side chains shift the mode of operation of aqueous electrolyte-gated transistors from interfacial to bulk doping/transport and show complete and reversible electrochromism and high volumetric capacitance at low operating biases. We propose that the glycol side chains facilitate hydration and ion penetration, without compromising electronic mobility, and suggest that this synthetic approach can be used to guide the design of organic mixed conductors.organic electronics | electrochemical transistor | semiconducting polymers

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“…The PEDOT-S molecule, with is intriguing properties, have found applications in selfassembly [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] , solar cells 38,39 , light emitting diodes 40 , bioorganic electronics 29,41,42 , electrochemical transistors 43 and nanoelectronics 44 . Cai et al used PEDOT-S as hole transporting layer in organic solar cells and used UV-ozone to increase the workfunction of the material 39 .…”

Section: Figure 11 Uv-vis Spectra Of Pedot-s When Subjected To Differmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zeglio et al used PEDOT-S together with a luminescent poly(2-(3-thienyl)ethoxy-4-butylsulfonate) (PTEB-S). A polyelectrolyte blend was formed in spite of both polyelectrolytes being negatively charged and the resulting material could be used to create electrochromic devices as well as organic electrochemical transistors running in depletion as well as accumulation mode 43 . Hamedi et al used PEDOT-S to be able to create nanometer sized finger electrodes fabricated by soft lithography 44 .…”

Section: Figure 11 Uv-vis Spectra Of Pedot-s When Subjected To Differmentioning

confidence: 99%

On decoration of biomolecular scaffolds with a conjugated polyelectrolyte

Elfwing¹

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Biotemplating is the art of using a biological structure as a scaffold which is decorated with a functional material. In this fashion the structures will gain new functionalities and biotemplating offers a simple route of mass-producing mesoscopic material with new interesting properties. Biological structures are abundant and come in a great variety of elaborate and due to their natural origin they could be more suitable for interaction with biological systems than wholly synthetic materials. Conducting polymers are a novel class of material which was developed just 40 years ago and are well suited for interaction with biological material due to their organic composition. Furthermore the electronic properties of the conducting polymers can be tuned giving rise to dynamic control of the behavior of the material. Self-assembly processes are interesting since they do not require complicated or energy demanding processing conditions. This is particularly important as most biological materials are unstable at elevated temperatures or harsh environments. The main aim of this thesis is to show the possibility of using self-assembly to decorate a conducting polymer onto various biotemplates. Due to the intrinsic variety in charge, size and structure between the available natural scaffolds it is difficult, if not impossible, to find a universal method.In this thesis we show how biotemplating can be used to create new hybrid materials by self-assembling a conducting polymer with biological structures based on DNA, protein, lipids and cellulose, and in this fashion create material with novel optical and electronic properties. vi vii Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattningModernistisk arkitektur bygger på att låta formen skulle följa funktionen; med andra ord ska byggnadens utseende framförallt vara avhängigt vad den ska användas till. I detta arbete har vi gjort det diametralt motsatta och låtit funktionen följa formen. Den funktion vi valt att använda är elektrisk ledningsförmåga och vi har låtit naturen ta fram formerna. I naturen finner vi en nästan oändlig mängd av intrikata former, må det vara spiraler, trådar eller bollar. Ett genomgående tema är dock att dessa strukturer sällan har någon elektrisk ledningsförmåga. För att få den funktion som vi önskar har vi använt en elektrisk ledande polymer, ett material som i sig är svårt att forma. Genom att variera de förhållanden som krävs för att den ledande polymeren ska interagera med strukturen har vi fått den ledande polymeren (funktionen) att följa strukturen (formen) och därmed skapat nya material med helt nya egenskaper. Huvudsyftet med denna avhandling är att påvisa att det med förhållandevis enkla metoder går att skapa nya material och att i framtiden möjligen kan använda dessa metoder för att skapa byggstenar i elektroniska komponenter.För att förstå hur vi gått tillväga måste vi beakta att det finns en grundläggande skillnad i människans och naturens tillverkningsmetoder. Människan använder kraft, hög temperatur och farliga kemikalier för att smälta, bearbeta ...

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Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Blends for Electrochromic and Electrochemical Transistor Devices

Cited by 91 publications

References 42 publications

Smaller Counter Cation for Higher Transconductance in Anionic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

Smaller Counter Cation for Higher Transconductance in Anionic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

Controlling the mode of operation of organic transistors through side-chain engineering

On decoration of biomolecular scaffolds with a conjugated polyelectrolyte

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