Conjugated Polymer Network Films of Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) with Hole-Transporting Carbazole Pendants: Dual Photoluminescence and Electrochromic Behavior

Abstract

A series of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) copolymers functionalized with hole-transport and electrochemically active carbazole units as pendant moieties is reported. These polymers exhibit photoluminescence properties by virtue of the PPV analogous backbone. They were also designed as precursor polymer bearing the electroactive carbazole group to form conjugated polymer network (CPN) films by electrodeposition. The electrochemical polymerization of the pendant units eventually lead to a dual property electro-optically active thin film - photoluminescence (PL) behavior that can be attenuated with CPN formation, and a reversible doping and dedoping processes at controlled potentials that lead to an electrochromic behavior. This reveals the ability to incorporate complementary optical and electro-optical properties within the same film using the CPN approach. It should be possible to design and synthesize other PPV π-conjugated polymers with efficient pendant hole-transport groups exhibiting tunable PL and electrochromism with cross-linking.

Structural effects of dibromocarbazoles on direct arylation polycondensation with 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene

“…The film showed a reversible multistep oxidation due to the highly electron-rich carbazole and EDOT units as well as the electroactive connectivity position of the 3,6-carbazoles. [44][45][46][47] In order to determine the exact oxidation potentials, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was measured using the same setup. The DPV revealed three oxidation peaks at 0.52, 0.80, and 1.42 V (vs. Ag/Ag + ).…”

Water-soluble ionic polythiophenes for biological and analytical applications

“…Recently conjugated polymers have attracted major research interest from both academic and industrial points of view because of their widespread applications . The literature reports large numbers of conjugated polymers such as polythiophene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polyacetylene, poly( p ‐phenylene) and poly( p ‐phenylene vinylene) . For biological and analytical applications conjugated polymers are better choices than small molecules due to their highly sensitive optical responses that are tuneable under various physicochemical conditions like pH, temperature, ions.…”

Multichromic Polymers Containing Alternating Bi(3-Methoxythiophene) and Triphenylamine Based Units with Para-Protective Substituents

“…The monomer CMTPA showed a main absorption peak ( λ max ) at 357 nm and exhibited an apparent red shift of 28 nm compared with that of the 4-cyanotriphenylamine unit (329 nm), which suggested that the introduction of methoxythiophene moieties to the two para-positions of the 4-cyanotriphenylamine extended the conjugation length of the molecules (Figure 4a) [35,36]. Similarly, MMTPA presented a maximum absorption peak located at 373 nm, which showed evident bathochromic shift of 70 nm by contrast with that of the 4-methoxytriphenylamine unit (303 nm) without thiophene derivatives conjugations (Figure 4b) [22].…”