Conjugation, Transport, and Elimination of Drugs in Humans

Abstract

This article reviews the conjugation, transport, and elimination of drugs in humans. Drug‐conjugating enzymes discussed include UGTs, SULTs, GSTs, MTs, and NATs. In addition, the excretion of drugs in humans and the role of transport proteins and their relationship to drugs and their conjugated metabolites as well as the role of NRs governing the expression of DMEs and NRs are presented. Finally, factors that impact the conjugation, transport, and elimination of drugs are summarized including drug–drug interactions, dietary phytochemicals and herbal supplements, and intrinsic factors such as genetics, gender, and age.