Conjunctival effects of canine distemper virus‐induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Abstract

Dogs with non-infectious and CDV-induced KCS had very similar conjunctival histopathology. Our findings suggest that the pathophysiology of CDV-induced KCS is likely to be the same as non-infectious KCS, that is, a result of lacrimal deficiency and inflammation of the ocular surface.

What is your diagnosis? Conjunctival smear in a dog

“…The ocular lesions typically reported for CDV cases are similar to those described here; principally, the lymphoplasmacytic chorioretinitis, retinal degeneration, and eosinophilic inclusion bodies . Keratoconjunctivitis has been seen in dogs with the late‐stage infections of CDV . However, in our case we only observed the inclusion bodies in the cornea and conjunctiva without marked inflammation.…”

Epidemiology and clinical presentation of canine distemper disease in dogs and ferrets in Australia, 2006–2014

“…The outcome of infection depends on the immune status of the animal and the pathogenicity of the viral strain . Outcomes include subclinical infection or acute disease followed by recovery, death or progression to chronic disease . Animals that survive a subclinical or acute infection can relapse weeks to years later with neurological signs because of progressive immune‐mediated demyelinating leucoencephalomyelitis .…”

Establishment of the mild, moderate and severe dry eye models using three methods in rabbits

“…Some of those models include the hereditary mouse models resembling Sjögren’s syndrome [8,9], the mouse model induced by botulinum toxin B [10] or controlled environment [11], rat models induced by evoked dacryoadenitis [12] or anticholinergic drugs [13], rabbit models induced by closure of the meibomian gland orifices [14], controlled environment [15], evoked dacryoadenitis [16], preganglionic parasympathetic denervation [17], topical medication of a preservative [18], or removing of the lacrimal gland [19], canine models formed spontaneously [20] or induced by canine distemper virus [21], and monkey models by removing the lacrimal gland [22]. …”