Conjunctival lymphoid tumors

Shields, Carol L.; Shields, Jerry A.; Carvalho, Cynthia; Rundle, Paul; Smith, Andrew F

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(01)00547-4

Cited by 206 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The mainstay of treatment of CL involves orbital radiation if the disease is local or systemic chemotherapy if the disease is metastatic 62 . Rarely, excision with cryotherapy or intralesional chemotherapy or immunotherapy is utilized 63–65 . Approximately 17% of CLs with unilateral involvement and 47% of CLs with bilateral involvement manifest systemic disease, either at the time of diagnosis or that develops thereafter 63 .…”

Section: Conjunctival Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Updates in Ocular Surface Tumor Diagnostics

Nanji¹,

Mercado²,

Dubovy³

et al. 2017

International Ophthalmology Clinics

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Purpose To evaluate technologies and techniques available for the diagnosis of ocular surface tumors. Methods A review of the literature from 1947 to 2017, through the PubMed Database, was conducted in order to evaluate current diagnostic methods for ocular surface tumors. Results Ocular surface squamous neoplasia, conjunctival melanoma, and conjunctival lymphoma are the three most common ocular surface malignancies. Technologies available to assist with diagnosis of these conditions, in addition to full thickness biopsy, include vital dyes, aspiration and impression cytology, in vivo confocal microscopy, ultrasound biomicroscopy, genetic testing, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Conclusions Histology remains the gold standard for diagnosis for all 3 of these malignancies. However, multiple diagnostic techniques are available to assist in making preliminary and early diagnoses, in differentiating between similar-appearing lesions, and in some cases, avoiding biopsy prior to initiating treatment. As imaging and technology continue to evolve, these adjunctive techniques will likely continue to play a greater role in clinical practice.

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Section: Conjunctival Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Updates in Ocular Surface Tumor Diagnostics

Nanji¹,

Mercado²,

Dubovy³

et al. 2017

International Ophthalmology Clinics

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“…Eight of these cases presented with an amelanotic conjunctival elevation, the majority (5/8) of which were located in the bulbar or forniceal conjunctiva, in keeping with the location of conjunctival lymphoma in general [5]. Five of the eight cases showed limbal and/or corneal changes varying from limbal thickening to frank keratitis and ulceration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Conjunctival Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma

et al. 2014

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Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) represents an uncommon variant of T-cell lymphomas and most often presents insidiously with systemic symptoms. This report constitutes the first documented case of conjunctival AITL, masquerading as nodular episcleritis, and describes both the clinical and pathological findings. Furthermore, conjunctival T-cell lymphoma in general remains a rare occurrence, and a survey of previously reported cases reveals a wide variation in clinical presentation. A high index of suspicion, thorough examination and conjunctival biopsy are essential to reaching the diagnosis of conjunctival lymphoma. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

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“…The patients have a relatively good prognosis, and radiation therapy is generally effective in treating primary ocular MALT lymphomas 4,5. Unfortunately, systemic lymphoma can develop and tumors may recur in the ipsilateral or contralateral eye 6,7. It has been previously reported that the rate of development of systemic lymphoma was 38% at 5 years and 79% at 10 years 6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjunctival extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in the fornix: do not overlook conjunctival lymphomas

Hata¹,

Miyamoto²,

Ogino³

et al. 2013

OPTH

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BackgroundHere we report three cases of conjunctival lymphoma that were initially unnotified or misdiagnosed as other ocular diseases because of the small tumor size, peripheral tumor location (the tumor was hidden in the fornix), and nonspecific symptoms.MethodsThree patients diagnosed with conjunctivitis or nasolacrimal duct obstruction were referred to our clinic because they were unresponsive to standard medical treatments. Routine anterior segment examination did not reveal any lesions, but further careful examination with a strong eyelid draw revealed minimally elevated tumors in the peripheral fornix under the lid. Excisional biopsies were performed.ResultsHistopathologic and immunohistologic examinations indicated the presence of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). All patients underwent additional radiation therapy. There was no evidence of recurrence in any patient during the follow-up period.ConclusionDetection of conjunctival lymphoma can be challenging. If no apparent lesion is present and the patient has nonspecific symptoms, the inner surface of the eyelid should be carefully examined. Elaborate eyelid eversion, with eyeball movement, should be performed to avoid misdiagnosing or overlooking peripheral conjunctival lymphomas.

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Conjunctival lymphoid tumors

Cited by 206 publications

References 11 publications

Updates in Ocular Surface Tumor Diagnostics

Updates in Ocular Surface Tumor Diagnostics

Conjunctival Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma

Conjunctival extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in the fornix: do not overlook conjunctival lymphomas

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