Conjunctival M cells selectively bind and translocate Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin

Meagher, Carisa K.; Liu, Hongshan; Moore, Cecil P.; Phillips, Thomas E.

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2004.11.005

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…soluble) antigens from the mucosal surface and transport these across the epithelium by specialized M-cells [23]. In concordance to other animal models [8], [24], [25], in the mouse, fluorescent microspheres as well as heat-inactivated E. coli were translocated preferentially via the lymphoepithelium of CALT. Both particles and bacteria were localized by means of confocal laser-scanning (Figure 6A) and two-photon microscopy (Figure 6B, Video S1) within the epithelium and subepithelial space and in close proximity to the follicle.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…These clinical findings together with descriptive histological investigations [7] implicate a functional role of CALT in ocular surface inflammation. However, functional studies of CALT are limited to the analysis of particle and antigen-transport across the lymphoepithelium in chicken, dogs, turkeys and rabbits [8]–[11], whereas other studies that verified any of the functional hypotheses stated above are not available until now. In summary, much is hypothesized but little is known about the function of CALT in general but also in the context of ocular surface diseases such as ocular allergy, infection or dry-eye.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development, Alteration and Real Time Dynamics of Conjunctiva-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeConjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) is thought to play a key role in initiating ocular surface related immune responses. This study was planned to get first profound insights into the function of CALT related to development, cellular dynamics and morphological alteration using a novel mouse model.MethodsExpression and morphology of CALT were investigated using BALB/c mice kept under different housing conditions, after topical antigen-stimulation and following lymphadenectomy and splenectomy. Particles and bacteria were applied topically to study antigen-transport. Intravital visualization was performed using two-photon microscopy.ResultsPostnatal development and ultrastructure of CALT in the mouse is similar to humans. Topical antigen-challenge significantly alters CALT expression. Bacterial translocation is demonstrated via lymphoepithelium whereas cellular velocities within follicles were approximately 8 µm/min.ConclusionsCALT in the mouse is an immunological interface of the ocular surface, featuring dynamic processes such as morphological plasticity, particle/bacteria transport and cellular migration.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Alteration and Real Time Dynamics of Conjunctiva-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The particles, after being translocated from the conjunctival epithelium, were visualized in the cervical lymph nodes indicating the role of the lymphatic circulation in clearance of these particles. Similar observations have been made with clearance of Maackiaamurensis leukoagglutinin (a relatively large macromolecule with size in the nanometer scale) in guinea pigs where the antigen was translocated by the M cells present in the conjunctiva (Meagher et al, 2005). Amrite and Kompella also observed presence of inflammatory cells in the histological sections of the periocular tissue 60-days following administration of the 200 and 2000 nm particles which were retained at the site of administration for that period (Amrite and Kompella, 2005).…”

Section: Dynamics Of Drug Targeting – a Case Study Based On The Pesupporting

confidence: 70%

Nanomedicines for back of the eye drug delivery, gene delivery, and imaging

Kompella

Amrite

Ravi

et al. 2013

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

227

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Treatment and management of diseases of the posterior segment of the eye such as diabetic retinopathy, retinoblastoma, retinitis pigmentosa, and choroidal neovascularization is a challenging task due to the anatomy and physiology of ocular barriers. For instance, traditional routes of drug delivery for therapeutic treatment are hindered by poor intraocular penetration and/or rapid ocular elimination. One possible approach to improve ocular therapy is to employ nanotechnology. Nanomedicines, products of nanotechnology, having at least one dimension in the nanoscale include nanoparticles, micelles, nanotubes, and dendrimers, with and without targeting ligands, are making a significant impact in the fields of ocular drug delivery, gene delivery, and imaging, the focus of this review. Key applications of nanotechnology discussed in this review include a) bioadhesive nanomedicines; b) functionalized nanomedicines that enhance target recognition and/or cell entry; c) nanomedicines capable of controlled release of the payload; d) nanomedicines capable of enhancing gene transfection and duration of transfection; f) nanomedicines responsive to stimuli including light, heat, ultrasound, electrical signals, pH, and oxidative stress; g) diversely sized and colored nanoparticles for imaging, and h) nanowires for retinal prostheses. Additionally, nanofabricated delivery systems including implants, films, microparticles, and nanoparticles are described. Although the above nanomedicines may be administered by various routes including topical, intravitreal, intravenous, transscleral, suprachoroidal, and subretinal routes, each nanomedicine should be tailored for the disease, drug, and site of administration. In addition to the nature of materials used in nanomedicine design, depending on the site of nanomedicine administration, clearance and toxicity are expected to differ.

show abstract

“…A cell similar to the M cell has been found in the conjunctiva that can bind and translocate macromolecular material, bacteria and lectin into the underlying lymphocytes, thus providing an entry route for antigens into the conjunctiva [29][30][31]. Xingwu et al [28 ] postulate that the antigenic substance on the coated contact lenses is transported to the B lymphocytes by a cell similar to the M cell.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%