We classify pointed p 3 -dimensional Hopf algebras H over any algebraically closed field k of prime characteristic p > 0. In particular, we focus on the cases when the group G(H) of group-like elements is of order p or p 2 , that is, when H is pointed but is not connected nor a group algebra. This work provides many new examples of (parametrized) non-commutative and non-cocommutative finite-dimensional Hopf algebras in positive characteristic. G G YD of either diagonal type or Joran type; hence, further cases occur where the structures arise. Interested readers may refer to corresponding section(s) for detailed classification results.At last, we emphasize that the principle proposed by Andruskiewitsch and Schneider in [2] to study pointed Hopf algebras in characteristic zero is generally applicable 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 16T05, 17B60.We obtain the following classes of pointed p 3 -dimensional Hopf algebras in characteristic p > 0:Case A1. Liftings from gr H = k a, b, g /(g p = 1, a p = b p = 0, ab = ba, ga = ag, gb = bg),When u = 0, there are 1 infinite parametric family and 10 finite classes of H having structured lifted from case (A1). When u = 0, there are 2(p − 1) infinite parametric families and 6(p − 1) finite classes of H.Case A2. Liftings from gr H = k a, b, g /(g p = 1, a p = b p = 0, ab = ba, ga = ag, gb = bg),There are 5 finite classes of H having structured lifted from case (A2).Case A3. (p = 2) Liftings from gr H = k a, b, g /(g p = 1, a p = b p = 0, ab = ba, ga = bg, gb = ag), with ∆There are 5 finite classes of H having structured lifted from case (A3). POINTED p 3 -DIMENSIONAL HOPF ALGEBRAS IN POSITIVE CHARACTERISTIC 3Case B. (p > 2) Liftings from gr H = k a, b, g /(g p = 1, a p = b p = 0, ab − ba = 1 2 a 2 , ga = ag, gb = (a + b)g), with ∆(g) = g ⊗ g, ∆(a) = a ⊗ 1 + g ⊗ a,Due to complicated computations in characteristic p, the lifting in case (B) is not clear in general; however, we show in Section 4.2 the case when p = 3 for illustration and make a conjecture for the lifting for p > 3.Case C. Liftings from gr H = k a, b, g /(g p = 1, a p = b p = 0, ab = ba, ga = ag, gb = bg), with ∆(g) = g ⊗ g, ∆(a) = a ⊗ 1 + g ǫ ⊗ a,When ǫ = 0, we get 1 infinite parametric family and 2 finite classes of H. When ǫ = 1, due to complicated computations in characteristic p, the lifting in this case (Cb) is not clear in general. We show in Section 4.3 the cases (C) when p = 2, and when p > 2 with additional assumption gx = xg, where x is the lifting of a from grH to H. Case D1. Liftings from gr H = k a, g /(g p 2 = 1, a p = 0, ga = ag), with ∆(g) = g ⊗ g, ∆(a) = a ⊗ 1 + g ǫ ⊗ a, ε(g) = 1, ε(a) = 0, S(g) = g −1 , S(a) = −ag −ǫ , for ǫ ∈ {0, 1, p}.When ǫ = 0, we get 2 finite classes of H. When ǫ = 1, there are 1 infinite parametric family and 2 finite classes of H. When ǫ = p, there are 2 finite classes of H. Case D2. Liftings from gr H = k a, g 1 , g 2 /(g p 1 = g p 2 = 1, a p = 0, g i a = ag i ), with ∆(g i ) = g i ⊗ g i , ∆(a) = a ⊗ 1 + g ǫ 1 ⊗ a, ε(g i ) = 1, ε(a) = 0, S(g i ) = g −1 i , S(a) = ...