Connection Systems in Reciprocal Frames and Mutually Supported Elements Space Structure Networks

Abstract

Novel architectural forms can be created by connecting reciprocal frame (RF) and mutually supported elements (MSE) circuits together. These networks produce interesting architectural and engineering opportunities and challenges. The opportunities include the creation of roof and standalone structures that have distinctive architectural expression. The challenges include the determination of the often-complex configuration geometry between the elements and their connection system. A key feature of sloping RF and MSE geometry is that at the joint locations the element's centroidal axes generally do not coincide. An eccentricity at these positions has therefore to be incorporated within the connection system. This has a direct impact on element sizing, connection design, fabrication and erection sequences. RF and MSE spatial structure networks give rise to complex structural behaviour. Element-to-element connection eccentricity orientation is a controlling key feature in the determination of how the forces, moments and stresses are distributed between MSEs. The orientation of the eccentricity can be random or aligned to produce a vertical intersection distance as generally used in RF construction. The eccentricity derived from the common perpendicular to the centroidal axes is more commonly used in MSE circuit assembly. This paper considers the various methods used to connect RF and MSE networks and discusses their impact and comparative design advantages and disadvantages.

Study on Adjustable Connector of Reciprocal Frame

“…The joints of the two reciprocal frame models mentioned above are inter-locked, depending on the frictional force to ensure the strong connection of whole frame. The connection process of this friction-driven joints is simple, but the strength and rigidity of the joints are weak which proposes limitation on the size of reciprocal frame [11][12][13]. New methods of connection such as lashed connection (Figure 4.)…”

Clamp links: A novel type of reciprocal frame connection

“…Rizzuto and Larsen 4 studied the structural performance of three types of connections used in RF and mutually supported elements (MSEs) built with circular cross section bars, assessing their advantages and disadvantages. They analysed friction connections with swivel couplers, bolted connections and notched connections (which, in timber, can be combined with mechanical fasteners and/or structural adhesives).…”

Structural modelling investigation of reciprocally supported element lattice honeycomb domes

“…The connections were modelled using the optimised eccentricity, e values between the CHS centroidal axes [9,10]. To allow for the anticipated full bolt length of 125 mm self-weight, two GSA 'beam' elements types were used.…”