Connectivity drives the functional diversity of plant dispersal traits in agricultural landscapes: the example of ditch metacommunities

Favre-Bac, Lisa; Mony, Cendrine; Burel, Françoise; Seimandi‐Corda, Gaëtan; Ernoult, Aude

doi:10.1007/s10980-017-0564-1

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This experiment showed that 100% of the seeds were buoyant during the first 10 h of immersion (details of the experiment are provided in Appendix ). This was consistent with the results of Cavers and Harper (1964) and Favre‐Bac, Mony, Burel, Seimandi‐Corda, and Ernoult (2017), who classified R. crispus seeds as having long‐term buoyancy compared to other species. The weight of the seeds (5.35 mg [±0.68 mg]) was estimated from the measurement of 10 lots of 10 seeds with a high‐precision scale (Precisa XB 160 M; precision: 0.001 g; accuracy: 0.01 g).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Vegetation cover at the water surface best explains seed retention in open channels

et al. 2021

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Hydrochorous dispersal through agricultural channels plays a role in structuring plant communities across agricultural landscapes. To date, research on seed retention in vegetated areas has mainly focused on vegetation types with simple architecture (often cylinders), which consequently do not represent real vegetation features. Here, we test the hypothesis that vegetation cover estimated at the water surface best explains floating seed retention in open channels. We therefore proposed an experiment to measure seed retention in a controlled environment across a large range of hydraulic conditions and vegetation architecture types. We used three types of artificial plants with contrasting morphotypes, and real seeds of Rumex crispus. Vegetation metrics were calculated on the basis of 3D plant models. We also tested the additivity of seed retention as a function of the length of vegetated area crossed by the seeds. We developed a semi‐empirical formula for predicting seed retention. The main results of the experiment show that (i) the seed retention rate reacts differently to changes in density according to species, (ii) vegetation cover at the free water surface, potentially in contact with seeds, is a generic predictor of floating seed retention whatever the nature of the vegetated cover, and (iii) 95% of seed retention was reached for a large range of surface vegetation ratios and length of vegetation cover. The proposed formula could be used by stakeholders (farmers and ecologists) to estimate the amount of vegetation needed in a channel to limit or enhance seed dispersal.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Vegetation cover at the water surface best explains seed retention in open channels

et al. 2021

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“…In our study, when the ES was close to zero, the observed similarity value between each pair of assemblages was considered to be random. Due to the non-normality of ES values, we used a Wilcoxon test, which is routinely used to test whether ES values were significantly overall different from zero 95–98 , and thus for the significance of non-random plant assemblage similarities between pairs of habitat patches. When the Wilcoxon test was significant, negative ES values indicated that observed similarity values between each pair of assemblages were lower than expected by chance under the null hypothesis (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive effects of connectivity provided by different habitat types drive plant assembly

Uroy

Mony

Ernoult

2019

Sci Rep

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How connectivity affects plant assemblages is a central issue in landscape ecology. So far, empirical studies have produced contradictory results, possibly because studies: (1) inaccurately assess connectivity by prioritizing the respective effect of the type of habitat on plant assemblages and (2) omit the range of possible plant responses to connectivity depending on dispersal vectors. We focused on three dominant habitat types in agricultural landscapes (woodland, grassland and cropland), and analysed the effect of connectivity on herbaceous plant assemblage similarity for three primary dispersal modes (animal-dispersed, wind-dispersed and unassisted). Using circuit theory, we measured connectivity provided by woodland, grassland and cropland habitats independently. The similarity of plant assemblages was evaluated relative to the random expectation based on the regional pool. Overall, plant assemblage similarity in woodlands and temporary grasslands was dependent on connectivity, but not in wheat croplands. Only animal-dispersed species responded to connectivity. The similarity of animal-dispersed assemblages in woodlands was increased by the connectivity provided by woodland habitats, but was reduced by cropland habitats, whereas in temporary grasslands, similarity was increased by the connectivity provided by cropland habitats. Our results suggest that animal-dispersed species supplement their dispersal pathways, thus improving our knowledge of plant assembly rules in fragmented landscapes.

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“…However, the indirect effects caused by the presence of hydraulic structures can both be linked with a change of the morphology of the channel over time and modify local hydraulic conditions, creating favourable conditions for the deposition of seeds. This is a specificity of highly managed networks: The presence of hydraulic structures (even in open position) creates discontinuities that partly shape the pattern of seed deposition and the community composition in the long term (Favre‐Bac, Mony, Burel, Seimandi‐Corda, & Ernoult, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the long‐distance dispersal of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in a vegetated irrigation channel

Rudi

Bailly

Belaud

et al. 2018

River Research & Apps

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Hydrochorous dispersal may play a major role in the propagation of weeds such as Sorghum halepense (Johnsongrass). However, the long-distance dispersal of this weed via agricultural intermittent channel networks, such as irrigation channels, has been poorly studied. In this study, we focused on a seed dispersal kernel obtained after an irrigation event in a vegetated channel. The main objectives of the study were to highlight the specificities of irrigation channels in relation to seed transport and investigate hydraulic factors and microscale channel features associated with the deposition of seeds along the channel. Our results showed that despite very different flow and morphological conditions compared with natural waterways, seeds of Johnsongrass were able to travel hundred meters at the scale of one irrigation event. This is likely due to the floating ability of more than 50% of the Johnsongrass seeds. A Regression Tree algorithm, which explained 72% of seed deposition variability, showed the importance of the channel features such as the width of the section and the hydraulic structures, sluice gates and culvert, to explain the patterns of seed deposition. A complex role of the emergent vegetation was highlighted. The results suggest that a threshold of vegetation density should be reached to enhance seed deposition. The results indicate that the spread of existing Johnsongrass populations could be limited by preserving existing hydraulic structures or maintaining areas where the density of terrestrial vegetation is sufficient to enhance seed retention downstream.

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Connectivity drives the functional diversity of plant dispersal traits in agricultural landscapes: the example of ditch metacommunities

Cited by 14 publications

References 60 publications

Vegetation cover at the water surface best explains seed retention in open channels

Vegetation cover at the water surface best explains seed retention in open channels

Additive effects of connectivity provided by different habitat types drive plant assembly

Characterization of the long‐distance dispersal of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in a vegetated irrigation channel

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