Connectivity Investigation of Channel Quality-Based Adaptive Gossip Flooding Mechanism for AODV

Abstract

To address the “broadcast storm” problem associated with flooding-based route discovery mechanism of reactive routing protocols, probabilistic approaches are suggested in the literature. In the earlier work, Gossip flooding mechanism of Haas et.al. was extended with signal quality, to propose channel quality based adaptive gossip flooding mechanism for AODV (CQAG-AODV). Following the cross-layer design principle, CQAG-AODV algorithm tried to discover robust routes, as well as address the “broadcast storm” problem by controlling the rebroadcast probability of Route request (RREQ) packets on the basis of signal strength experienced at the physical layer. This paper investigates the connectivity of CQAG-AODV through theoretical and simulation analysis. Results show that, by accounting the signal strength in the route discovery process, not only does the proposed algorithm floods a lesser number of route requests and controls the broadcast storm, but also maintains a higher level of connectivity to offer high packet delivery ratio; independent of network density and node mobility. Moreover, due to controlled routing overhead and robust route discovery, channel quality based adaptive flooding mechanism offers fringe benefit of energy efficiency as well. CQAG-AODV thus proves its suitability in a variety of use cases of multi-hop ad hoc networks including WSNs and VANETs.

A Method to Reduce Route Discovery Cost of UAV Ad Hoc Network

“…The random walk protocol has a significant time delay while reducing the amount of redundant RREQ packets within the network [19]. Similarly, in gossip-based techniques [20][21][22], each node when receiving an RREQ packet takes a decision to expire or forward the packet based on some probability distribution. There are many variants of gossip-based protocols, and we need additional information to estimate the probability of forwarding.…”

Biopolymer Based Materials as Alternative Greener Binders for Sustainable Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications

“…A recent study reported as an evidence that interestingly as milk becomes expire its teste is changed to sour its huge amount is poured down to drain every year [235] . This causes a waste of edible resources along with creating serious damage to the environment by helping algae and bacteria to grow while depleting oxygen in water causing threat to aquatic life [236] . Consequently, production of binder from milk leftovers would have manifold advantageous environmental impacts.…”