Connexin expression patterns in diseased human corneas

Zhai, Jiajie; Wang, Qin; Tao, Liang

doi:10.3892/etm.2014.1530

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In rabbit cornea after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy, Cx43 and Cx26 were found to be upregulated (Ratkay-Traub et al, 2001). This is in corroboration with human findings where increased expressions of Cx26, Cx31.1, and Cx43 were detected in chemically burned and infected corneas (Zhai et al, 2014). …”

Section: Corneal Wound Healingsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Superficial cell layers have microvilli and microplicae for metabolite transportation and tear film adhesion, whereas the basal columnar layers are more metabolically active (Lu et al, 2001). At least eight Cx isoforms (Cx26, Cx30.3, Cx31, Cx31.1, Cx32, Cx43, Cx45, and Cx50) have been identified in the human corneal epithelium (Yuan et al, 2009; Zhai et al, 2014). …”

Section: Corneal Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Connexins in Wound Healing and Repair: Novel Therapeutic Approaches

et al. 2016

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Gap junctions are intercellular proteins responsible for mediating both electrical and biochemical coupling through the exchange of ions, second messengers and small metabolites. They consist of two connexons, with (one) connexon supplied by each cell. A connexon is a hexamer of connexins and currently more than 20 connexin isoforms have been described in the literature thus far. Connexins have a short half-life, and therefore gap junction remodeling constantly occurs with a high turnover rate. Post-translational modification, such as phosphorylation, can modify their channel activities. In this article, the roles of connexins in wound healing and repair are reviewed. Novel strategies for modulating the function or expression of connexins, such as the use of antisense technology, synthetic mimetic peptides and bioactive materials for the treatment of skin wounds, diabetic and pressure ulcers as well as cornea wounds, are considered.

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Section: Corneal Wound Healingsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Corneal Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Connexins in Wound Healing and Repair: Novel Therapeutic Approaches

et al. 2016

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“…Several identified genes have human homologues, which are directly or indirectly involved in corneal dystrophies such as coch ( coagulation factor C homolog, cochlin [ 37 ], dcn ( decorin ) [ 38 ], cx43 . 4 [ 39 ], clu ( clusterin ) [ 40 ], foxc1a (Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome type 3 (RIEG3 #602482) and Iridogoniodysgenesis type 1 (IRID1 #601631)), kera ( keratocan ; posterior amorphous dystrophy [ 41 ]) and tgfbi ( transforming growth factor, beta-induced ; lattice corneal dystrophy [ 42 ]). Other genes were implicated in wound healing of the cornea ( ctgf, connective tissue growth factor [ 43 ]; cyp26a1, cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 [ 44 ]; f11r, F11 receptor or junctional adhesion molecule-A [ 45 ]) or where identified as potential therapeutic targets ( arf1, ADP-ribosylation factor 1 [ 46 ]; ccl1, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 27a [ 47 ]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Description of Eye Defects in the Zebrafish Pax6b Mutant, sunrise, Reveals a Pax6b-Dependent Genetic Network in the Developing Anterior Chamber

et al. 2015

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The cornea is a central component of the camera eye of vertebrates and even slight corneal disturbances severely affect vision. The transcription factor PAX6 is required for normal eye development, namely the proper separation of the lens from the developing cornea and the formation of the iris and anterior chamber. Human PAX6 mutations are associated with severe ocular disorders such as aniridia, Peters anomaly and chronic limbal stem cell insufficiency. To develop the zebrafish as a model for corneal disease, we first performed transcriptome and in situ expression analysis to identify marker genes to characterise the cornea in normal and pathological conditions. We show that, at 7 days post fertilisation (dpf), the zebrafish cornea expresses the majority of marker genes (67/84 tested genes) found also expressed in the cornea of juvenile and adult stages. We also characterised homozygous pax6b mutants. Mutant embryos have a thick cornea, iris hypoplasia, a shallow anterior chamber and a small lens. Ultrastructure analysis revealed a disrupted corneal endothelium. pax6b mutants show loss of corneal epithelial gene expression including regulatory genes (sox3, tfap2a, foxc1a and pitx2). In contrast, several genes (pitx2, ctnnb2, dcn and fabp7a) were ectopically expressed in the malformed corneal endothelium. Lack of pax6b function leads to severe disturbance of the corneal gene regulatory programme.

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“…In the normal cornea, Cx43 was mostly expressed in epithelium, from central cornea to the limbus, and anterior stroma. It is sure that Cx43 is important in regulating the growth and differentiation of the corneal cell; thus, Cx43 can affect corneal homeostasis [10, 12]. And the Cx43 antibody labels stromal keratocytes which are expressed in corneal fibroblasts [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Connexin-43 in the Inflammatory Process: A New Potential Therapy to Influence Keratitis

Zhang

et al. 2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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The studies outlined in this review highlight the relationship between inflammatory signaling molecules and connexin-43 (Cx43). Gap junction (GJ) channels and hemichannels (HCs) participate in the metabolic activity between intra- and extracellular space. Some ions and small molecules are exchanged from cell to cell or cell to extracellular space to affect the process of inflammation via GJ. We analyzed the effects of signaling molecules, such as innate immunity messengers, transcription factors, LPS, cytokine, inflammatory chemokines, and MMPs, on Cx43 expression during the inflammatory process. At the same time, we found that these signaling molecules play a critical role in the pathogenesis of keratitis. Thus, we assessed the function of Cx43 during inflammatory corneal disease. Corneal healing plays an essential role in the late stage of keratitis. We found that Cx43 is involved in wound healing. Studies have shown that the decrease of Cx43 can decrease the time of healing. We also report several Cx43 mimic peptides which can inhibit the activity of Cx43 Hc to mediate the releasing of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which may in turn influence the inflammatory process.

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Connexin expression patterns in diseased human corneas

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

The Role of Connexins in Wound Healing and Repair: Novel Therapeutic Approaches

The Role of Connexins in Wound Healing and Repair: Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Molecular Description of Eye Defects in the Zebrafish Pax6b Mutant, sunrise, Reveals a Pax6b-Dependent Genetic Network in the Developing Anterior Chamber

The Role of Connexin-43 in the Inflammatory Process: A New Potential Therapy to Influence Keratitis

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