Conocimiento y percepción tsotsil sobre los insectos perjudiciales de la milpa en la reserva de la biosfera Selva El Ocote (Chiapas, México)

Cruz, Esperanza López de la; Ruiz-Montoya, Lorena; Gómez, Benigno; Ramírez, Adriana E. Castro; Sánchez-Cortés, María Silvia

doi:10.19130/iifl.ecm.2018.52.882

ECMAYA

2018

DOI: 10.19130/iifl.ecm.2018.52.882

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Conocimiento y percepción tsotsil sobre los insectos perjudiciales de la milpa en la reserva de la biosfera Selva El Ocote (Chiapas, México)

Esperanza López de la Cruz

Lorena Ruiz-Montoya

Benigno Gómez

et al.

Abstract: El presente estudio se desarrolló en dos comunidades tsotsiles, pertenecientes a la familia lingüística maya, con el objetivo de determinar los conocimientos y las percepciones de los agricultores sobre los insectos perjudiciales de la milpa. Con base en un enfoque cualitativo, la información se recopiló mediante entrevistas, visitando parcelas y un taller en cada comunidad. Los vocablos que se utilizan para referirse a los insectos y otros artrópodos son bik¢tal chonetik y chanul, para referirse a los que per… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

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The mesoamerican milpa system: Traditional practices, sustainability, biodiversity, and pest control

Benrey,

Bustos-Segura,

Grof-Tisza

2024

Biological Control

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The mesoamerican milpa system: Traditional practices, sustainability, biodiversity, and pest control

Benrey,

Bustos-Segura,

Grof-Tisza

2024

Biological Control

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Preventive, Curative, and Tolerance Practices: Family Farmers' Local Ecological Knowledge regarding Harmful Crop Arthropods in NW Patagonia

Grimaldi,

Céspedes,

Lenta

et al. 2024

Ethnobio Conserv

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Family farming systems face the challenge of carrying out their activities alongside Harmful Arthropods (HA), which cause damage to edible, wild, and cultivated plants that are fundamental for farmers. This case study, with farmers from the Nahuel Huapi Family Farmers Free Fair (FFAFNH, Spanish acronym), shows some distinctive elements of Local Ecological Knowledge about HA (LEKHA). LEKHA investigated about seven HA among farmers regarding nomenclature, characterization, ecological aspects, cultivated species affected, ways of acquiring and transmitting knowledge, management practices, and HA's importance. Discussed how these aspects allow us to infer the hybrid character of LEKHA, which articulates traditional knowledge of peasant agriculture and Scientific Technical Knowledge (STK). A participatory workshop was carried out, which emerged as a request and demand from the members of the FFAFNH. Fifteen local names were registered, two of which were Mapuche. Most of the HA are recognized as harmful to more than one plant, and the majority (60%) have been with farmers for a long time. Regarding management, preventive practices predominated (57%) over curative practices (14%). We postulated a new HA management practice, "tolerance" (29%), which implies that HA coexist with people in their productive spaces and are deliberately allowed to follow their natural cycles. The predominant ways of acquiring and transmitting knowledge are idiosyncratic and oblique (35% each). The workshop was an instance of reinforcement and self-validation of LEKHA, where a dialogue of knowledge was established back and forth with the STK.

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Mestizo Farmers' Knowledge of Entomofauna Is Reflected in Their Management Practices: A Case Study in the Andean-Amazon Foothills of Peru

Beltrán-Tolosa

Cruz-García

Solis

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Local knowledge of entomofauna can influence environmental actions, particularly crop management practices, which can be sustainable or unsustainable. A farmer's decision-making is associated with their knowledge of beneficial insects and pests. This study aimed to assess local knowledge of entomofauna in relation to associated management practices, within a context of socio-cultural and environmental change. The research was carried out in Santa Lucía, a small mestizo village located in the deforestation frontier of the Peruvian Amazon. Mestizos are migrants, or descendants of migrants, from non-Amazonian regions of Peru. First, freelistings were conducted with a group of 19 female and 25 male farmers to evaluate their theoretical knowledge of insects, and to select the most salient insects associated with cassava, maize, and plantain. Second, two focus groups (which separated women and men) evaluated the practical knowledge of management practices for the most salient insects in the context of climate change. The most salient insects were collected and identified to the minimum possible taxonomic level. The results showed that farmers have a negative perception of entomofauna associated with cassava, maize, and plantain, as they considered insects to be harmful to their staple crops. Most farmers are not aware of the importance of beneficial insects such as pollinators and natural enemies. The findings of the study further showed that mestizo farmers did not have any management practices to preserve beneficial entomofauna, half of the insects they regarded as pests did not present any associated management practices, and the other half applied both sustainable (preventive and curative) and unsustainable practices (e.g., use of pesticides). The paper further discusses the dynamics of mestizo local knowledge on entomofauna in a changing environment and concludes that local capacities should be built to enrich knowledge about the recognition, biology, and ecological role of entomofauna (e.g., pollination, natural predation), and associated management practices (e.g., agroecological preventive practices that decrease pest incidence and protect pollinators, instead of curative practices) as an adaptation strategy to climate change.

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Conocimiento y percepción tsotsil sobre los insectos perjudiciales de la milpa en la reserva de la biosfera Selva El Ocote (Chiapas, México)

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

The mesoamerican milpa system: Traditional practices, sustainability, biodiversity, and pest control

The mesoamerican milpa system: Traditional practices, sustainability, biodiversity, and pest control

Preventive, Curative, and Tolerance Practices: Family Farmers' Local Ecological Knowledge regarding Harmful Crop Arthropods in NW Patagonia

Mestizo Farmers' Knowledge of Entomofauna Is Reflected in Their Management Practices: A Case Study in the Andean-Amazon Foothills of Peru

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