Consecutive Esodeviation After Exotropia Surgery in Patients Older than 15 Years: Comparison with Younger Patients

Abstract

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical course of esodeviation after exotropia surgery in older patients (older than 15 years) and to compare it with that in younger patients (15 years or younger).MethodsThe medical records of all surgeries for exodeviation from December 2004 to February 2007 were reviewed and 82 patients were found with consecutive esodeviation. The patients were divided into two groups according to their age: Group A (patients older than 15 years) and Group B (patients age 15 or younger). The clinical course of esodeviation in Group A was compared to that in Group B by means of survival analysis.ResultsThe median survival times of the esodeviation were 2.0±0.1 months in Group A and 1.0±0.1 months in Group B (p=0.40). The prevalence of consecutive esotropia at six months was 0% in Group A and 6.1% in Group B (p=0.32). The myopic refractive error, worse sensory condition, and a larger preoperative exodeviation in Group A did not affect the clinical course of the two groups differently.ConclusionsThe postoperative esodeviation of patients older than 15 years after exotropia surgery tended to persist longer during the early postoperative period than that of patients 15 years or younger, however, the difference did not persist at postoperative six months.

Consecutive Exotropia: Risk Factor Analysis and Management Outcomes

“…Average time from primary operation to secondary surgery for consecutive XT was 4 ± 3.01 (1-10) years. Average age for those who needed secondary surgery was 6.81 ± 3.78 (2-14) years. Nine (56.25%) of those 16 cases underwent unilateral MR advancement, 1 case (6.25%) underwent bilateral MR advancement, 3 cases (18.75%) underwent unilateral lateral rectus (LR) recession, 1 case (6.25%) underwent bilateral LR recession, and 2 cases (12.5%) underwent unilateral MR advancement and LR recession.…”

“…Visual acuity was tested with a linear tumbling “E” or Snellen charts in verbal children, and with the presence or absence of normal fixation in preverbal children. Absence of central, steady, and maintained fixation, a difference more than 2 lines between both eyes in terms of visual acuity in the tumbling “E” or Snellen charts, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of each eye lower than 0.6 were considered amblyopia (2, 13, 14). Preoperative and postoperative angles of deviation were measured with alternate prism-and-cover test at near (30 cm) and distance (5 mo) with appropriate spectacle correction in primary, gaze up, and gaze down positions.…”

Intermittent exotropia: relation between age and surgical outcome: a change-point analysis

“…Park and his colleagues 24 showed that patients older than 15 years tend to show better postoperative alignment with no tendency for overcorrection when compared with those younger than 15 years old, although the difference was not significant. Studies by Richard and Parks,15 showed no difference in surgical outcome in children in age groups; younger than 3, between 3-6, and older than 6 years.…”

A Novel Method Ensuring an Immediate Target Angle After Horizontal Strabismus Surgery in Children

“…In exotropia, it is noted to have a larger and longer postoperative drift ( 30 ). Park et al ( 34 ) reported their experience with a median survival time of esodrifts as long as 2.0 ± 0.1 months in patients older than 15 years, and 6.1% of patients in the group younger than 15 years old even had an esodrift noted at the 6-month postoperative visit. In esotropia, postoperative drift has a relatively minor effect.…”