2016
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.10.028
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Consequences of imidacloprid treatments for hemlock woolly adelgid on stream water quality in the southern Appalachians

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Cited by 22 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…Thus, imidacloprid had a greater amount of time to migrate through the soil into the stream channel. Imidacloprid presence in surface waters >1 yr after treatments was previously observed by Churchel et al (2011) and Benton et al (2016). Imidacloprid was consistently detected in streams in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, often during ambient conditions, from 0 to 42 mo since the most recent treatment (Benton et al, 2016).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 57%
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“…Thus, imidacloprid had a greater amount of time to migrate through the soil into the stream channel. Imidacloprid presence in surface waters >1 yr after treatments was previously observed by Churchel et al (2011) and Benton et al (2016). Imidacloprid was consistently detected in streams in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, often during ambient conditions, from 0 to 42 mo since the most recent treatment (Benton et al, 2016).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 57%
“…Imidacloprid presence in surface waters >1 yr after treatments was previously observed by Churchel et al (2011) and Benton et al (2016). Imidacloprid was consistently detected in streams in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, often during ambient conditions, from 0 to 42 mo since the most recent treatment (Benton et al, 2016). Thus, movement of imidacloprid in hemlock systems can occur for >1 yr. Second, the cumulative amount of active ingredient applied to the Ben Creek area was 0.584 kg ha −1 over the 2‐yr period, compared with ∼0.410 kg ha −1 in the recently treated study sites.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 57%
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“…Of note is the issue of surface water runoff, where imidacloprid can be carried into local waterways. Imidacloprid is a broad-spectrum insecticide that is capable of impacting any arthropod community it is introduced into (Eisenback et al 2010, Benton et al 2016. Recent studies have shown that although runoff from soil treatment does eventually find its way into adjacent waterways, the concentrations at which imidacloprid are found are well below the mandated EPA chronic and acute threat levels.…”
Section: Chemical Controls For Managing Hwamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recent studies have shown that although runoff from soil treatment does eventually find its way into adjacent waterways, the concentrations at which imidacloprid are found are well below the mandated EPA chronic and acute threat levels. Furthermore, no secondary metabolites were recovered from the waters that were tested (Benton et al 2016). …”
Section: Chemical Controls For Managing Hwamentioning
confidence: 99%