Consequences of intensive forest harvesting on the recovery of Swedish lakes from acidification and on critical load exceedances

Moldan, Filip; Stadmark, Johanna; Fölster, Jens; Jütterström, Sara; Futter, Martyn N.; Cosby, B. J.; Wright, Richard F.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.013

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Modelling of base cation supply using the PRO-FILE/ForSAFE modelling platform (Kronnäs et al, 2019) suggests that planned intensification of Swedish forestry, involving increased harvesting of organic residues for biofuel, will not be sustainable in the long term without compensatory measures such as wood ash recycling (Akselsson et al, 2007;Klaminder et al, 2011;Futter et al, 2012;Moldan et al, 2017). The base cations and phosphorus that are essential for forest growth can be recycled from organic residues through microbial decomposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews and syntheses: Biological weathering and its consequences at different spatial levels – from nanoscale to global scale

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Plant nutrients can be recycled through microbial decomposition of organic matter but replacement of base cations and phosphorus, lost through harvesting of biomass/biofuels or leaching, requires de novo supply of fresh nutrients released through weathering of soil parent material (minerals and rocks). Weathering involves physical and chemical processes that are modified by biological activity of plants, microorganisms and animals. This article reviews recent progress made in understanding biological processes contributing to weathering. A perspective of increasing spatial scale is adopted, examining the consequences of biological activity for weathering from nanoscale interactions, through in vitro and in planta microcosm and mesocosm studies, to field experiments, and finally ecosystem and global level effects. The topics discussed include the physical alteration of minerals and mineral surfaces; the composition, amounts, chemical properties, and effects of plant and microbial secretions; and the role of carbon flow (including stabilisation and sequestration of C in organic and inorganic forms). Although the predominant focus is on the effects of fungi in forest ecosystems, the properties of biofilms, including bacterial interactions, are also discussed. The implications of these biological processes for modelling are discussed, and we attempt to identify some key questions and knowledge gaps, as well as experimental approaches and areas of research in which future studies are likely to yield useful results. A particular focus of this article is to improve the representation of the ways in which biological processes complement physical and chemical processes that mobilise mineral elements, making them available for plant uptake. This is necessary to produce better estimates of weathering that are required for sustainable management of forests in a post-fossil-fuel economy. While there are abundant examples of nanometre- and micrometre-scale physical interactions between microorganisms and different minerals, opinion appears to be divided with respect to the quantitative significance of these observations for overall weathering. Numerous in vitro experiments and microcosm studies involving plants and their associated microorganisms suggest that the allocation of plant-derived carbon, mineral dissolution and plant nutrient status are tightly coupled, but there is still disagreement about the extent to which these processes contribute to field-scale observations. Apart from providing dynamically responsive pathways for the allocation of plant-derived carbon to power dissolution of minerals, mycorrhizal mycelia provide conduits for the long-distance transportation of weathering products back to plants that are also quantitatively significant sinks for released nutrients. These mycelial pathways bridge heterogeneous substrates, reducing the influence of local variation in C:N ratios. The production of polysaccharide matrices by biofilms of interacting bacteria and/or fungi at interfaces with mineral surfaces and roots influences patterns of production of antibiotics and quorum sensing molecules, with concomitant effects on microbial community structure, and the qualitative and quantitative composition of mineral-solubilising compounds and weathering products. Patterns of carbon allocation and nutrient mobilisation from both organic and inorganic substrates have been studied at larger spatial and temporal scales, including both ecosystem and global levels, and there is a generally wider degree of acceptance of the “systemic” effects of microorganisms on patterns of nutrient mobilisation. Theories about the evolutionary development of weathering processes have been advanced but there is still a lack of information connecting processes at different spatial scales. Detailed studies of the liquid chemistry of local weathering sites at the micrometre scale, together with upscaling to soil-scale dissolution rates, are advocated, as well as new approaches involving stable isotopes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews and syntheses: Biological weathering and its consequences at different spatial levels – from nanoscale to global scale

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Modelling of base cation supply using the PROFILE/FORSAFE modelling platform (Sverdrup and Warfvinge, 1993;Wallman et al, 2005) suggests that planned intensification of Swedish forestry, involving increased harvesting of organic residues for biofuel, will not be sustainable in a long-term perspective without compensatory measures such as wood ash recycling (Akselsson et al, 2007;Klaminder et al, 2011;Futter et al, 2012;Moldan et al, 2017). The base cations and phosphorus that are essential for forest growth can be re-cycled from organic residues through microbial decomposition but if they are lost 20 through removal of organic material the only way they can be replaced is by weathering of rocks and minerals.…”

Section: Introduction 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological weathering and its consequences at different spatial levels – from nanoscale to global scale

Finlay

Mahmood

Rosenstock

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Plant nutrients can be recycled through microbial decomposition of organic matter but replacement of base cations and phosphorus, lost through harvesting of biomass/biofuels or leaching, requires de novo supply of fresh nutrients released through weathering of soil parent material (minerals and rocks). Weathering involves physical and chemical processes that are modified by biological activity of plants, microorganisms and animals. This article reviews recent progress made in understanding biological processes contributing to weathering. A perspective of increasing spatial scale is adopted, examining the consequences of biological activity for weathering from nanoscale interactions, through in vitro and in planta microcosm and mesocosm studies, to field experiments and finally, ecosystem and global level effects. The topics discussed include: the physical alteration of minerals and mineral surfaces, the composition, amounts, chemical properties and effects of plant and microbial secretions, and the role of carbon flow (including stabilization/sequestration of C in organic and inorganic forms). Although the predominant focus is on the effects of fungi in forest ecosystems, the properties of biofilms, including bacterial interactions, are discussed. The implications of these biological processes for modelling are discussed and finally, we attempt to identify some key questions and knowledge gaps, as well as experimental approaches and areas of research in which future studies are likely to yield useful results. A particular focus of this article is to improve the representation of the ways in which biological processes complement physical and chemical processes that mobilize mineral elements, making them available for plant uptake. This is necessary to produce better estimates of weathering that are necessary for sustainable management of forests in a post-fossil fuel economy. While there are abundant examples of nm- and &#181;m-scale physical interactions between microorganisms and different minerals, opinion appears to be divided with respect to the quantitative significance of these observations to overall weathering. Numerous in vitro experiments and microcosm studies involving plants and their associated microorganisms suggest that the allocation of plant-derived carbon, mineral dissolution and plant nutrient status are tightly coupled but there is still disagreement about the extent to which these processes contribute to field-scale observations. Apart from providing dynamically responsive pathways for the allocation of plant-derived carbon to power dissolution of minerals, mycorrhizal mycelia provide conduits for the long-distance transportation of weathering products back to plants that are also quantitatively significant sinks for released nutrients. These mycelial pathways bridge heterogeneous substrates, reducing the influence of local variation in C&#8201;:&#8201;N ratios. The production of polysaccharide matrices by biofilms of interacting bacteria and/or fungi at interfaces with mineral surfaces and roots, influences patterns of production of antibiotics and quorum sensing molecules, with concomitant effects on microbial community structure, and the qualitative and quantitative composition of mineral solubilizing compounds and weathering products. Patterns of carbon allocation and nutrient mobilization from both organic and inorganic substrates have been studied at larger spatial and temporal scales, including both ecosystem and global levels and there is a generally wider degree of acceptance of the "systemic" effects of microorganisms on patterns of nutrient mobilization. Theories about the evolutionary development of weathering processes have been advanced but there is still a lack of information connecting processes at different spatial scales and detailed studies of the liquid chemistry of local weathering sites at the &#181;m-scale, together with up-scaling to soil-scale dissolution rates, are advocated, as well as new approaches involving stable isotopes.

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“…MAGIC has been applied to a wide variety of sites worldwide and used to evaluate the effects in forest and freshwater ecosystems. For example, MAGIC has been used to assess the effects of forestry practices on Swedish lakes (Moldan et al 2017). Oulehle et al (2019) used MAGIC to simulate the acidification and recovery of soil and surface water chemistry following acid deposition, climate stress and insect attack at a lake and its catchment in the Czech Republic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensified forestry as a climate mitigation measure alters surface water quality in low intensity managed forests

Valinia

Kaste

Wright

2020

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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Consequences of intensive forest harvesting on the recovery of Swedish lakes from acidification and on critical load exceedances

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Reviews and syntheses: Biological weathering and its consequences at different spatial levels – from nanoscale to global scale

Reviews and syntheses: Biological weathering and its consequences at different spatial levels – from nanoscale to global scale

Biological weathering and its consequences at different spatial levels – from nanoscale to global scale

Intensified forestry as a climate mitigation measure alters surface water quality in low intensity managed forests

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