Consequences of raising the speed limit

Hoskin, A F

doi:10.1016/0022-4375(86)90068-x

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The 1987 passage of the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act (STURAA) permitted states to increase speed limits from 55 to 60 or 65 mph on Interstate highways in rural areas with populations of less than 50,000. Following the enactment of the STURAA, a series of evaluation studies showed increases in traffic crashes, fatalities, or both in states where the speed limit had been increased (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). A national comparison of fatality trends in 48 states estimated that fatalities increased by 29% and the crash rate by 19% in states where the rural Interstate limits were increased to 65 mph.…”

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confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Analysis of Rural Interstate Fatalities in Relation to Speed Limit Policies

Davis

Hacker

Savolainen

et al. 2015

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Existing research literature has shown that traffic fatalities increase at higher speed limits. A related issue is the establishment of maximum speed limits for trucks and buses. As of 2014, eight states have a differential speed limit in place that establishes a higher limit for passenger vehicles than for trucks and buses. This study aimed to inform the continuing debate regarding the safety impacts of speed limits by comparing states with various speed limit policies. The study included a longitudinal comparison of state-level rural Interstate fatalities in the United States from 1999 through 2011. In addition to an examination of differences in traffic fatalities as a function of maximum speed limits, comparisons were also made between states with differential limits for truck and buses. Random parameter negative binomial models were estimated for annual total and truck-involved fatalities. A random parameter framework allowed for consideration of temporal correlation in annual fatality counts within states as well as for unobserved heterogeneity across states. The results of this study provided further evidence that both overall and truck-involved fatalities increased with maximum speed limits. States with differential speed limits were found to have marginal differences in total fatalities as compared with states with uniform speed limits. However, truck-involved fatalities were significantly lower in states where differential limits were in place. The effects of speed limit policies as well as other covariates were found to vary significantly across states. The random parameter models demonstrated significantly improved goodness of fit as compared with standard Poisson and negative binomial models.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Analysis of Rural Interstate Fatalities in Relation to Speed Limit Policies

Davis

Hacker

Savolainen

et al. 2015

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Maximum speed has been successfully used to assess people’s risk-taking behavior (i.e., in the context of driving [17,90]). It has been shown that an increased speed is associated with an increased probability to crash (for a review see [90]) and that crashing at higher speed increases the probability of severe or fatal injuries [91–93]. Although walking faster in an experimental setting may be relatively safe and that potential consequences are less drastic than in a driving context, we argue that people who walk faster up the RAR still have an increased risk of hurting themselves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The higher they go the harder they could fall: The impact of risk-glorifying commercials on risk behavior

Urschler¹,

Heinrich

Hechler³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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Previous research on risk-glorifying media has provided encompassing evidence for a positive connection between risk-glorifying contents and (a) risk-positive emotions, (b) risk-positive cognitions and attitudes, and (c) risk-positive behavioral inclinations. Nevertheless, little evidence shows whether risk-glorifying content increases actual risk behavior. We conducted three experimental studies to assess whether risk-glorifying commercials increase risk behavior. In all studies, participants were randomly assigned to a risk-glorifying or a neutral commercial. Additionally, in Study 2 participants were randomly assigned to an arousal or a non-arousal condition to test the mediating effect of arousal. In Study 3, we tested the mediating effect of the accessibility to risk-positive cognitions. We measured participants’ risk behavior via the risk assessment ramp (RAR). Our results revealed that participants who watched the risk-glorifying commercial walked faster to the jumping-off point (Studies 1, 2, & 3) and would have jumped from a higher level (Studies 2 & 3), thus, indicating the exposure to risk-glorifying media content increases people’s risk behavior. Neither arousal nor the accessibility to risk-positive cognitions mediated the effect of risk-glorifying media content. Beyond our findings, we offer a new tool to assess risk behavior that is effective and easy to apply.

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“…Maximum speed has been successfully used to assess people's risk-taking behavior (i.e., in the context of driving [17,54]). It has been shown that an increased speed is associated with an increased probability to crash (for a review see [54]) and that crashing at higher speed increases the probability of severe or fatal injuries [55][56][57]. Although walking faster in an experimental setting may be relatively safe and that potential consequences are less drastic than in a driving context, we argue that people who walk faster up the RAR still have an increased risk of hurting themselves.…”

Section: Limitation and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Are commercials able to give you wings? The impact of risk-glorifying commercials on risk behavior.

Df¹,

Heinrich²,

Hechler³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Previous research on risk-glorifying media has provided encompassing evidence for a positive connection between risk-glorifying contents and (a) risk-positive emotions, (b) risk-positive cognitions and attitudes, and (c) risk-positive behavioral inclinations. Nevertheless, little evidence shows whether risk-glorifying content increases actual risk behavior. We conducted three experimental studies to assess whether risk-glorifying commercials increase risk behavior. In all studies, participants were randomly assigned to a risk-glorifying or a neutral commercial. Additionally, in Study 2 participants were randomly assigned to an additional arousal or a non-arousal condition to test the mediating effect of arousal. In Study 3, we tested the mediating effect of the accessibility to risk-positive cognitions. We measured participants’ risk behavior via the risk assessment ramp. Our results revealed that participants who watched the risk-glorifying commercial walked faster to the jumping-off point (Study 1, 2, & 3) and jumped from a higher level (Study 2 & 3), thus, indicating the exposure to risk-glorifying media content increases people’s risk behavior. Neither arousal, nor the accessibility to risk-positive cognition mediated the effect of risk-glorifying media content. Beyond our findings, we offer a new tool to assess risk behavior that is effective and easy to apply.

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Consequences of raising the speed limit

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Longitudinal Analysis of Rural Interstate Fatalities in Relation to Speed Limit Policies

Longitudinal Analysis of Rural Interstate Fatalities in Relation to Speed Limit Policies

The higher they go the harder they could fall: The impact of risk-glorifying commercials on risk behavior

Are commercials able to give you wings? The impact of risk-glorifying commercials on risk behavior.

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