Consequences of runaway and thrownaway experiences for sexual minority health during the transition to adulthood

Pearson, Jennifer; Thrane, Lisa E.; Wilkinson, Lindsey

doi:10.1080/19361653.2016.1264909

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In other words, sexual minority youth continue to experience disparities in parental support and connectedness and for some these disparities are getting wider (Fish & Russell, 2018;Watson et al, 2015). Considering narrative data of family rejection and pushout from homeless and child-welfare-involved sexual minority youth (Durso & Gates, 2012;Pearson et al, 2017), our findings suggest that contemporary sexual minority youth remain at elevated risk for child welfare entry. Of course, more work is needed to better understand mechanisms of parental rejection and pushout, and how these experiences relate to sexual minority youth becoming involved with child welfare, foster care, and out-of-home placement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Are sexual minority youth overrepresented in foster care, child welfare, and out-of-home placement? Findings from nationally representative data

Fish

Baams

Wojciak

et al. 2019

Child Abuse & Neglect

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Background-Preliminary evidence suggests that sexual minority (e.g. lesbian, gay, bisexual, and same-sex attracted) youth are overrepresented in child welfare services. Yet, no study to date has been able to test this hypothesis with national data.Objective-Using a two-study design, we test whether sexual minority youth are overrepresented in child welfare, foster care, and out-of-home placement using nationally representative data from the United States. Participants and setting-Study 1 data are from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 14,154; Mean age = 15.4). Study 2 data are from wave three of the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being II (n = 1,309; Mean age = 15.0). Methods-ForStudy 1, we use adjusted logistic regression models to test differences in lifetime foster care involvement between sexual minority and heterosexual youth. In Study 2, we calculate a Disproportionality Representation Index (DRI) -a ratio of sample prevalence relative to the general population -to estimate whether sexual minority youth were overrepresented in child welfare and out-of-home care.Results-Study 1 results indicate that sexual minority youth are nearly 2.5 times as likely as heterosexual youth to experience foster care placement (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.40, 4.21, p = .002). Results from Study 2 show that sexual minority youth were largely overrepresented in child welfare services (DRI = 1.95 to 2.48) and out-of-home placement (DRI = 3.69 to 4.68).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Are sexual minority youth overrepresented in foster care, child welfare, and out-of-home placement? Findings from nationally representative data

Fish

Baams

Wojciak

et al. 2019

Child Abuse & Neglect

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“…Also, it has been evidenced that a rejecting maternal attitude would be more of a risk factor for suicide ideation than a rejecting paternal attitude. 41 In addition, findings from Pearson, Thrane and Wilkinson demonstrated that the health risks associated with being thrown out by parents due to homosexuality in adolescence have lasting consequences into adulthood 42. For sexual minority men, being rejected and dismissed by parents would have long-term impacts for health, as rejected young men were more likely to report suicide ideation, smoking habits, and substance use as adults 42 .…”

Section: Close-network Level: Acceptance and Support From Family And mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Having an experience of homelessness, being runaway and thrown out because of sexual preferences or identity have persistent negative effects on health. 42 • Perceived micro-aggression (defined as brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioural, and environmental indignities that communicate hostile, derogatory slights and insults to the target person or group) effects the mental health in negative way. 68 • Homophobia, transphobia, self-hatred, fear, and shame on cyber-talks linked to self-harm.…”

Section: Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal behaviour among sexual-minority youth: a review of the role of acceptance and support

Poštuvan

Podlogar

Šedivy

et al. 2019

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

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Sexual minority youths have two-to threefold higher risk for suicidal behaviour compared to their peers. They also face increased levels of different mental health risk factors, such as depression and substance abuse, and are often victims of homophobia and discrimination. However, available data are unable to provide a clear understanding of the psychosocial factors contributing to these unfavourable mental health indicators. Therefore, this study reviews current knowledge about the impact of factors such as acceptance and support as possible risk or protective factors for the development of suicidal behaviour among sexual minority youth. Thirty four articles were eventually included in the review process; their content was contextualised at three different levels (society, social network and individual) and then integrated into a model. This study shows how negative social environments, such as non-acceptant school climate, lack of support within closest social network, and absence of LGBT support movements in communities, contribute to the development of suicidality in young persons. Unsupportive reactions are internalised and played out at the individual's level as internalised homo-/bi-/transphobic patterns. In order to prevent suicidal behaviour, all these aspects need to be taken into consideration.

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“…Homelessness is associated with a broad range of negative health outcomes (Castellow et al, 2015;Patterson et al, 2012;Schanzer et al, 2007;Shaffi, 2017;Taylor et al, 2016). In particular, homeless youth are at risk for a variety of negative outcomes that may be even more severe than those of homeless adults, given that they have yet to reach social and behavioral maturity (Cima and Parker, 2017;Hsu, 2015;Pearson et al, 2017;Petering, 2016;Yen et al, 2009). In particular, the dangers of alcohol use among homeless youth have been well documented, with demonstrated associations with risky sex (Fairbairn et al, 2017b), intimate partner and non-partner violence (Fairbairn et al, 2017a), and use of other drugs, including cocaine (Nyamathi et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of lifetime prevalence of homelessness with risky sex, sexual victimization, depressive symptoms, and suicidality among youth in Kampala, Uganda

Lyons

Swahn

Whitaker

et al. 2019

International Social Work

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Homelessness poses serious health risks, and those risks may be exacerbated among slum-dwelling youth in the developing world. We administered a cross-sectional survey to youth receiving services from a community organization in Kampala, Uganda. This secondary analysis explores the relationships between homelessness and various health outcomes. We also explored possible moderating relationships between neighborhood support, homelessness, and health. Logistic regression and t-tests were used to model these relationships. Homelessness was associated with all outcomes analyzed, with youth who reported having been homeless having higher odds of reporting poor health (odds ratio [OR] = 12.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.43, 23.92), higher odds of HIV infection (OR = 1.941; 95% CI = 1.274, 2.958), and higher odds of experiencing rape (OR = 3.459; 95% CI = 2.4, 4.987). No moderation by neighborhood support was observed, though this may be due to low variability. Homelessness warrants specific investigative attention due to its strong association with a broad range of negative health outcomes among slum-dwelling youth. Interventions targeting the specific health risks faced by homeless youth in the developing world may improve social welfare service delivery.

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Consequences of runaway and thrownaway experiences for sexual minority health during the transition to adulthood

Cited by 29 publications

References 70 publications

Are sexual minority youth overrepresented in foster care, child welfare, and out-of-home placement? Findings from nationally representative data

Are sexual minority youth overrepresented in foster care, child welfare, and out-of-home placement? Findings from nationally representative data

Suicidal behaviour among sexual-minority youth: a review of the role of acceptance and support

Associations of lifetime prevalence of homelessness with risky sex, sexual victimization, depressive symptoms, and suicidality among youth in Kampala, Uganda

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