Consequences of traffic noise in residents of Karachi, Pakistan

Siddiqui, Imtiaz Ather; Nizami, Sohaib; Chandio, Rida Rouf; Nizami, Saad; Sikander, Nazish; Ashraf, Sana

doi:10.12669/pjms.312.6367

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Research has found that traffic noise exposure may be associated with negative health outcomes in cities ranging from Toronto in Canada (Shin et al, 2020), to Groningen in the Netherlands (de Kluizenaar et al, 2007), and Karachi in Pakistan (Siddiqui et al, 2015). Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is common in both developed and developing nations.…”

Section: Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

Castillo¹,

Anenberg²,

Huxley³

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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While ambitious carbon reduction policies are needed to avoid dangerous levels of climate change, the costs of these policies can be balanced by wide ranging health benefits for local communities. Cities, responsible for ~70% of the world's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and home to a growing majority of the world's population, offer enormous opportunities for both climate action and health improvement. We aim to review the current state of knowledge on key pathways leading from carbon mitigation to human health benefits, and to evaluate our current ability to quantify health benefits for cities around the world. For example, because GHGs and air pollutants are both released during fuel combustion, reducing fuel burning can reduce both GHGs and air pollutants, leading to direct health benefits. Air quality improvements may be particularly important for city-scale climate action planning because the benefits occur locally and relatively immediately, compared with the global and long-term (typically, decades to centuries) benefits for the climate system. In addition to improved air quality, actions that promote active transport in cities via improved cycling and pedestrian infrastructure can reap large cardiovascular health benefits via increased physical activity. Exposure to green space has been associated with beneficial health outcomes in a growing number of epidemiological studies and meta-analyses conducted around the world. Finally, noise is an underappreciated environmental risk factor in cities which can be addressed through actions to reduce motor vehicle traffic and other noise sources. All of these environmental health pathways are supported by well-conducted epidemiological studies in multiple locales, providing quantitative exposure–response data that can be used as inputs to health impact assessments (HIAs). However, most epidemiologic evidence derives from studies in high-income countries. It is unclear to what extent such evidence is directly transferable for policies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This gap calls for a future focus on building the evidence based in LMIC cities. Finally, the literature suggests that policies are likely to be most effective when they are developed by multidisciplinary teams that include policy makers, researchers, and representatives from affected communities.

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Section: Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

Castillo¹,

Anenberg²,

Huxley³

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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“…An accident is an event; autonomous of human will, brought on by an outside constrains acting quickly and bringing about physical or mental damage as it is specified by (1) . Injuries and accidents are the leading causes of death in early childhood age (1-4) years around the world (2) . So this age gather considered as high hazard for damage as a result of their typical interest, thought lessness and yearning to brilliant new aptitudes and kids mimic grown-up conduct from an early stage (3) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Mothers Education and their Knowledge about Home-Accident among Early Childhood Age Group

Aldoori

Abed

2017

Kufa Jour. Nurs. Sci.

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Objectives: The study was carried assessment of mothers education and their knowledge about home accidents prevention among early childhood age group. Methodology: A descriptive study design was achieved in 10-30 October 2015. A non-probability accidental sample of 113 Mothers who agreed to participate in the study & have a child or more live together at the same house and the sample was selected of health centers when visiting for certain follow-up to their children in the Babylon city, middle of Iraq, Through using questionnaire that constructed by researchers to collect data available for the purpose of the study through using descriptive and inferential statistics according to the aims of the study. Results: After completion of 113 questionnaire, the results were revealed that majority of mother's age were 44 (38.9%) aged between 22-28 years old while their education were 58 (51.3) in primary level, for this reason the majority of the sample 96 (85%) were unemployed. The study reveals more than quarter of the sample 39.8% as 45 within group of 61-70 score of moderate knowledge with optimum level contrasted. Conclusions: The present study reveals quarter of the sample had moderate knowledge with optimum level contrasted and few of them have poor knowledge regarding to accidents avoidance of kids under five as well as no correlation between mother's knowledge with their age and education. Recommendations: Health education program about explanations for home accidents, medical aid managements and technique for avoidance into the educational modules at various levels were recommended.

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“…Out of 36.8% of subjects were exposed to noise for more than 12 hrs per day. 7 Other studies conducted a similar study on workers in the aviation industry, and the effects of noise on hearing thresholds were measured. [8][9][10][11] In our study, patients in the security wing were affected the most because of single pulsed or multiple pulsed sounds of high intensities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are professions where the duration of work exceeds the safe permissible limit of exposure to sound, and unfortunately, governing rules for the safety of employees are either missing or not followed, especially in Asia. 3,7,8 Another important factor is the distance from the source of origin of the sound; if it is increased, the chances of damage to the vital organ decreases. So as prevention is better than cure, less intense sound with less duration of exposure and a long distance from the source of sound will be less detrimental for ear damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hearing Loss Due to Occupational Exposure: An Analysis of Cases at Lahore

Ahmed¹,

Khan²,

Akhtar³

et al. 2022

PAFMJ

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Objective: To study the severity of noise-induced hearing loss and noise levels in the environment in occupationally exposed individuals at Pakistan air force base Lahore. Study Design: Prospective longitiginal study. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Air Force base Lahore Pakistan, from Dec 2019 to Jun 2020. Methodology: The noise levels and duration of exposure to loud noise were measured at various exposure points to define ways and means for future prevention. Results: Out of 3000 patients reporting to the ENT outpatient department for various problems, 33.3% had ear problems. Out of 1000, 750 had hearing loss with normal tympanic membranes. Among 750, 200 (26.6%) had conductive hearing loss, while 550 (73.3%) had sensorineural hearing loss. Out of 550, 70 (12.72%) were related to occupational exposure in service and 480 (87.2%) were due to various causes. Most patients reported from the security wing (40, 57.14%) being exposed to the loud noise of gunfire as a pulsed exposure, followed by patients in the telecommunication field (20, 28.57%) being exposed to persistent noise. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to loud noise in the workplace poses significant health issues, including an economic burden on an individual. NIHL related to occupational exposure to loud sounds is frequently reported worldwide. Education and prevention are two vital steps which can reduce the number of such cases significantly, thus preventing this lifelong disability, ensuring health and reducing the economic burden.

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Consequences of traffic noise in residents of Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

Assessment of Mothers Education and their Knowledge about Home-Accident among Early Childhood Age Group

Hearing Loss Due to Occupational Exposure: An Analysis of Cases at Lahore

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