Consequences of Use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids

Casavant, Marcel J.; Blake, Kathleen; Griffith, Jill R. K.; Yates, Andrew R.; Copley, LaRae M.

doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2007.04.001

Cited by 84 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Now, these drugs have been used not only by weightlifters and elite athletes but also by bodybuilders and recreational athletes to increase their muscles and decrease fat mass (Bhasin et al 2001). These individuals take the anabolic-androgenic steroids in a concentration 10-to 100-fold higher than the physiological dose, and this abuse can cause a lot of side effects in the liver, reproductive and cardiovascular systems, among others Shahidi 2001, Casavant et al 2007. In this report, we chose nandrolone decanoate, the anabolic-androgenic steroid mostly used by bodybuilders and recreational athletes, to elucidate the effects of high dosage of anabolic-androgenic steroids on glucose metabolism (Evans 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, other alterations are frequently documented, such as decreased HDL and increased LDL, which are involved in atherosclerosis and peripheral vascular disease. A reduction in endogenous testosterone levels, gonadotropic hormones, sex hormone-binding globulin, testis weight, sperm count, and sperm motility was also described (Shahidi 2001, Casavant et al 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Nandrolone decanoate inhibits gluconeogenesis and decreases fasting glucose in Wistar male rats

Frankenfeld¹,

Oliveira²,

Ignacio³

et al. 2014

Journal of Endocrinology

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The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids to improve physical performance or appearance has increased notably. The doses used are 10-to 100-fold higher than the therapeutic dose (TD), and this abuse can cause several side effects. Glucose metabolism is significantly affected by anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse, but studies about glycemic regulation during fasting are scarce. There are some evidences showing that testosterone can antagonize glucocorticoids action, which are crucial to glucose production during fasting. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of supraphysiological doses (SDs) of nandrolone decanoate (DECA) on rat glucose metabolism during fasting. Male Wistar rats were treated with i.m. injections of vehicle, a low TD (0.016 mg/100 g b.w.-TD group) or a high SD (1 mg/100 g b.w.-SD group) of DECA, once a week for 8 weeks. After 12 h fasting, we evaluated glucose and pyruvate tolerance tests, liver glycogen content, serum levels of gluconeogenic substrates, insulin and corticosterone, glucose uptake and hexokinase (HK) activity in skeletal muscle, and the adrenal catecholamine content. SD group had increased serum insulin levels and a blunted response to insulin regarding glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Fasting serum glucose decreased significantly in SD group, as well as the pyruvate tolerance test and liver glycogen content. Moreover, serum levels of glycerol were increased in SD group. Our data indicate that SDs of DECA exert effects on different regulatory points of glucose metabolism, resulting in defective gluconeogenesis and decreased skeletal muscle glucose uptake in response to insulin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nandrolone decanoate inhibits gluconeogenesis and decreases fasting glucose in Wistar male rats

Frankenfeld¹,

Oliveira²,

Ignacio³

et al. 2014

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Participants were also asked how long it had been since they had last used AAS, with recent AAS use operationalized as having used steroids within the past 365 days (1 year). This broad catchment area for defining recent use was intended to accommodate the discontinuous nature of ongoing AAS use, which is characterized by intermittent 'cycling on' and 'cycling off' in attempting to mitigate the medical risks of continuous AAS use (Casavant et al, 2007;Cohen et al, 2007). Two participants who reported that they had last used steroids more than 365 days ago were excluded on the basis that they were not recently using AAS.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic steroid use and body image psychopathology in men: Delineating between appearance- versus performance-driven motivations

Murray

Griffiths

Mond

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…However, some of these effects may be mitigated through the use of exercise and/or supplementary drugs, for example AAS users may increase their cardiovascular exercise to counteract changes in the left ventricle [70,74]; aromatase inhibitors or selective estrogen receptor modulators may be used to prevent the aromatisation of androgens and any associated side effects [75] and "post cycle therapy" (PCT) consists of a combination of a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), an aromatase inhibitor and human chorionic gonadotropin where it aims to counter the suppression of natural testosterone by returning the body's endogenous hormonal balance to normal and restoring proper function of these glands. PCT is used after each cycle of AAS use [74].…”

Section: Non Medical Use and Abuse Of Aasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic androgenic steroids effects on the immune system: a review

et al. 2009

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Androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) are synthetic derivatives of the male hormone testosterone. AAS are used by athletes and recreational users of all ages to enhance their athletic performance and/or physical appearance. While several adverse effects of AAS abuse have been described, their effect on the immune system has not been clearly elucidated. The literature generally indicates that supraphysiologic doses of AAS with an intact steroid nucleus are immunosuppressive, that is they reduce immune cell number and function. While those with alterations to the steroid nucleus are immunostimulatory as they induce the proliferation of T cells and other immune cells. Specifically, several common AAS have been shown to adversely influence lymphocyte differentiation and proliferation, antibody production, Natural Killer Cytotoxic activity and the production of certain cytokines, thereby altering the immune reaction. These effects may be profound and long lasting depending on the dosing regime, types or combinations of AAS used and the extent and duration of AAS abuse. Nevertheless, the effects of long term use of supraphysiologic doses of AAS on the immune system remain uncertain.

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Consequences of Use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids

Cited by 84 publications

References 82 publications

Nandrolone decanoate inhibits gluconeogenesis and decreases fasting glucose in Wistar male rats

Nandrolone decanoate inhibits gluconeogenesis and decreases fasting glucose in Wistar male rats

Anabolic steroid use and body image psychopathology in men: Delineating between appearance- versus performance-driven motivations

Anabolic androgenic steroids effects on the immune system: a review

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