Conservation agriculture in irrigated intensive maize-based systems of north-western India: Effects on crop yields, water productivity and economic profitability

Parihar, C.M.; Jat, Shankar Lal; Singh, Aditya; Kumar, Bhupender; Yadvinder‐Singh,; Pradhan, Sanatan; Pooniya, Vijay; Dhauja, A.; Chaudhary, Ved Prakash; Jat, M.L.; Jat, Rajkumar; Yadav, O. P.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2016.03.013

Cited by 129 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…All data recorded were analyzed with the help 55.8-59.6% higher stover yield compared to CT-MMS (Fig.1). Our findings of higher yields of maize under ZT and PB are in close agreement with the findings of Yadav et al, (2016a); Gathala et al, (2013); Parihar et al, (2016a); Parihar et al, (2017). The higher yields of maize in ZT/PB systems could be due to the compound effects of additional nutrients (BlancoCanqui and Lal 2009;Kaschuk et al, 2010) reduce competition for resources due to lesser weed population (Ozpinar, 2006) and improved bio-physicochemical soil health Parihar et al, 2016;Govaerts et al, 2009) over CT.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

Long term effect of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on productivity and profitability of maize vis-a-vis soil fertility in North-Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Yadav

Parihar

Jat

et al. 2017

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The present study was planned to evaluate the long term effect of legume intensified maize based crop rotations and tillage practices on productivity, profitability of maize vis-a-vis soil health. The experiment consisted of three tillage practices i.e. zero tillage (ZT), permanent bed (PB) and conventional tillage (CT) as main plot treatments and four crop rotations (MWMb; maize-wheat-mungbean, MCS; maize-chickpea-Sesbania, MMuMb; maize-mustard-mungbean, MMS; maizemaize-Sesbania) as sub plot treatments. Results revealed that ZT and PB resulted into significantly (P<0.05) improvement in grain (7.7-14.2%) and stover yield (7.4-13.0%) of maize over CT. Similarly, maize grain and stover yield were invariably higher in MCS and MWMb systems compared to MMuMb and MMS rotations. The total soil carbon (TSC) content increased by 15.4-17.4 and 20.32-20.91% with ZT and PB over CT in 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths, respectively. However, MCS and MWMb rotations registered 11.3-18.0% (0-15 cm) and 8.4-11.0% (15-30 cm) higher TSC over MMuMb rotation. Similarly, ZT and PB resulted into significantly (P<0.05) improvement in available soil nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) compared to CT. ZT/PB under MCS crop rotations registered higher net returns and BC ratio compared to rest of the treatment combinations. Interaction effect of tillage and crop rotations were significant (P<0.05) for stover yield, net returns, BC ratio and TSC and all these parameters were reported maximum with ZT-MCS. Thus, the present study suggests that CA based crop management practices can be advocated as sustainable intensification strategy in northwestern India.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

Long term effect of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on productivity and profitability of maize vis-a-vis soil fertility in North-Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Yadav

Parihar

Jat

et al. 2017

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“…Our findings of higher MPYA under CA practices (ZT and PB) are in close agreement with the findings of Parihar et al, 2017. The higher availability of nutrients due to better soil bio-physico-chemical properties, better availability of soil moisture, and reduced competition for resources (Kaschuk et al, 2010;Parihar et al, 2016a) leads to higher uptake of the nutrient especially nitrogen which is critical for protein synthesis that ultimately resulted into higher protein profile of the crop under CA practices (ZT/PB) over CT. Moreover the better physical condition of soil under CA practices also leads to significant enhancement in the forage area of the plants by improving root length which in turn further leads to higher uptake of the nutrients as compared to CA practices (Passioura, 2002).…”

Section: Maize Protein Yield (Mpy)supporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on maize productivity vis-à-vis C and N dynamics of a sandy loam soil in north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Yadav

Parihar

Jat

et al. 2017

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The study was conducted to evaluate long-term effect of legume intensified maize based crop rotations and contrasting tillage practices and a experiment was laid out in split plot design with three tillage practices i.e. zero tillage (ZT), permanent bed (PB) and conventional tillage (CT) as main plot treatments and four legume intensified crop rotations (MWMbmaize-wheat-mungbean, MCS -maize-chickpea-Sesbania, MMuMb -maize-mustard-mungbean and MMS -maize-maizeSesbania) as sub-plot treatments. Adoption of CA based tillage practices (ZT/PB) significantly improved maize protein yield (MPY). ZT/PB gave 7.7-14.2% higher MPY(Maize protein yield and 7.4-13.0% higher MPYA (maize protein yield for adults) over CT. Similarly, the MPY and MPYA under legume intensified cereal based rotations were invariably higher in MCS and MWMb systems compared to MMuMb and MMS rotations.The total soil nitrogen (TSN) content increased by 15.4-17.4 and 20.32-20.91% with ZT and PB over CT in 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths, respectively. However, among the legume intensified rotations the maize planted under MCS and MWMb rotations registered 11.3-18.0% (0-15cm) and 8.4-11.0% (15-30cm) higher TSN over MMuMb and MMS rotation. Similarly, adoption of the CA practices (ZT/PB) resulted into significant improvement in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks compared to CT. ZT and PB among the tillage practices and MCS crop rotations among the sub-plot treatments registered higher Leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) compared to other management practices. Interaction effect of tillage practices and crop rotations were significant for MPY, MPYA, TSN and SOC stocks and all these parameters were reported maximum with ZT-MCS. Thus, our study suggests that CA based crop management with legume diversified maize based rotations (MCS and MWMb) can be advocated as sustainable intensification strategy in north-western India and other similar agro-ecologies of South Asia.

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“…Additional biomass yield benefits over time from the legume (due to N-accumulation through biological N2 fixation and leaf litter) were also observed. Result of 4 years long study also revealed that the amount of water use (Evapo-transpiration) in CT was more than the CA (ZT and PB) practiced plots (Parihar, 2016). Conservation agriculture trail conducted for more than five year in Nepal on maize reveal more organic matter on conservation agriculture plot (12.87 t/ha) compared to traditional agriculture plot (10.93 t/ha) after 5 months growing period of maize (Karki and Shrestha, 2015).…”

Section: Role Of Conservation Agriculture On Carbon Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Total amount of residue biomass inputs (t/ha) of preceding crop for succeeding crop grown in maize-wheat-mung bean (MWMb) system during four different years of experiment conducted in India was 27.05, 30.80 and 31.01 t/ha in conventional tillage (CT), zero tillage (ZT) and permanent bed planting (PBP) respectively (Parihar, 2016). The higher biomass yields in ZT is due to the compound effects of additional nutrients , due to lesser weed population, improved soil physical health, better water regimes and improved nutrient use efficiency over CT (Unger 1998).…”

Section: Role Of Conservation Agriculture On Carbon Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and Water Use Efficiency in Conservation Agriculture

Acharya

2018

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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Conservation agriculture is resource conserving strategy for improving productivity and profitability of farming through efficient utilization of available resources with minimum foot print to the environment. Conservation Agriculture helps in carbon sequestration, soil erosion control, ground water recharge and moisture conservation. Conservation agriculture has been found to improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil compared to conventional practices and ultimately helps in increasing nutrient and water use efficiency. Optimizing soil fertility and soil moisture simultaneously is possible through CA practice which ultimately increases resource use efficiency.

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Conservation agriculture in irrigated intensive maize-based systems of north-western India: Effects on crop yields, water productivity and economic profitability

Cited by 129 publications

References 24 publications

Long term effect of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on productivity and profitability of maize vis-a-vis soil fertility in North-Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Long term effect of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on productivity and profitability of maize vis-a-vis soil fertility in North-Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Impact of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on maize productivity vis-à-vis C and N dynamics of a sandy loam soil in north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Nitrogen and Water Use Efficiency in Conservation Agriculture

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