Conservation and Use of Latin American Maize Diversity: Pillar of Nutrition Security and Cultural Heritage of Humanity

Guzzon, Filippo; Rios, Luis Walquer Arandia; Cepeda, Galo Mario Caviedes; Polo, Marcia Céspedes; Cabrera, Alexander Chávez; Figueroa, Jesús Muriel; Hoyos, Alicia Elizabeth Medina; Calvo, Teófilo Wladimir Jara; Molnar, Terence; León, Luis; León, Teodoro Patricio Narro; Kerguelén, Sergio Luis Mejía; Rojas, José Gabriel Ospina; Vázquez, Gricelda; Preciado‐Ortíz, Ricardo E.; Mendoza, José Luis Zambrano; Palacios-Rojas, Natalia; Pixley, K.V.

doi:10.3390/agronomy11010172

Cited by 65 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(127 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…ssp. ), which is also an essential crop worldwide [24,25]. Additionally, Veracruz's main activity is raising cattle, and Mexico is one of the leading cattle producers (Bos Primigenius spp.)…”

Section: Implications Of Drought In the Agricultural Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Evolution of Drought through SPI and Its Relationship with the Agricultural Sector in the Central Zone of the State of Veracruz, Mexico

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Agriculture and raising livestock are human activities highly affected by drought. In Mexico, the Veracruz territory is seriously affected by this phenomenon. Our study had two objectives: (1) to analyze the drought evolution through the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the maximum temperature in the central zone of the state of Veracruz for the period 1980–2018; and (2) to describe the relationship between the yield of corn grain and cattle, and the SPI, in the study area. The methodology consisted of calculating the SPI to estimate the drought conditions in the mentioned area. Subsequently, we determined the relationship of these conditions with the maximum temperature increase and the presence of El Niño/La Niña events. The results showed that the drought has intensified during 1980–2018, having a presence in almost 50% of the area. Additionally, the maximum temperature increased by approximately 6 °C. As a result, the cultivation of corn grain under rain conditions showed reductions in 48% of the analyzed municipalities. Concerning livestock variables, lower reductions were reported (42–32%) for the same period. Therefore, we can conclude that the drought has intensified in recent years due to an increase in the maximum temperature and El Niño/La Niña events, and these factors have had a higher impact on the agricultural sector.

show abstract

Section: Implications Of Drought In the Agricultural Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Evolution of Drought through SPI and Its Relationship with the Agricultural Sector in the Central Zone of the State of Veracruz, Mexico

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The results of this paper are important to guide the conservation of PGRFA as recommended by the European Union. The revived cultivation of several landraces, often connected to a speciality market, found in this paper deserves further scienti c attention, since strengthening the value chains of these cultivars can represent the main strategies to enhance their on-farm conservation (Guzzon et al 2021). Finally, further efforts are needed in order to: 1) further characterise, morphologically and genetically, some closely related landraces and old cultivars reported in this paper, also to facilitate their registration in lists of interest from a regulatory point of view 2) improve the ex situ conservation and accessibility of germplasm of PGRFA in northern Italy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Da Deppo et al 2013 for pulses in Belluno province). Custodian farmers are depositaries of plant propagation material and traditional knowledge which are essential to avoid the loss of a given PGRFA and its connected cultural heritage (Guzzon et al 2021). To enhance the cultivation and therefore on-farm conservation of the crop diversity found in this study, the collaboration between different actors and stakeholders (i.e., farmers, consumers, breeding and research centres, policy makers, food manufacturing sector) is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant agrobiodiversity conservation and use in intensive farming systems: N-Italy as a case study.

Canella¹,

Ardenghi²,

Müller³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Northern Italy is an area particularly suitable for the cultivation of different crops. It used to be characterized by a high agrobiodiversity. However, it is estimated that over the last decades, this area experienced a genetic erosion of more than 95%, resulting in the loss of many traditional plant genetic resources (PGR). Nevertheless, recent surveys found an unexpectedly high agrobiodiversity which remains. The presented study aims to provide a complete overview of plant agrobiodiversity (in terms of crop landraces, old cultivars and neglected crops) in northern Italy using a mixed approach of literature research and ethnobotanical field surveys. This paper is a fundamental step towards putting in place successful on farm and ex situ conservation measures in the study area. 811 entities were found, of which 27 were identified as neglected crops, 377 as landraces (plus 124 doubtful landraces) and 99 as old cultivars (plus 184 doubtful old cultivars). 248 entities were here recorded for the first time through field surveys. It clearly emerges that by using an ethnobotanical approach, several PGR can still be found in the study area especially in small farms and home gardens. We describe hotspots of crop diversity and areas in which there is still a lack of knowledge of local agrobiodiversity. Only 43% of the PGR recorded are conserved long-term in seed banks, underlying the fact that great efforts are needed to ensure the ex situ conservation of PGR in northern Italy. Careful interventions are needed to enhance the on-farm conservation status of the crop diversity reported here by enhancing its demand and its accessibility.

show abstract

“…For the creation of the index, it was reclassified as 1 if the principal race in the environmental unit presented the corresponding use and 0 in the contrary case. The mathematical expression was the following: (15) i = 1, . .…”

Section: Relationship Of Environmental Units With Ethnic Groups and Maize Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of biodiversity in the centers of origin is crucial for the in situ conservation of species [12][13][14][15]. However, studies at the national level to identify priority areas for in situ conservation of genetic maize resources in Mexico are scarce [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Delimitation of Genetic Diversity of Native Maize and Its Relationship with Ethnic Groups in Mexico

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mexico, as a center of origin of maize, presents a high diversity of maize races. With the objective of spatially demarcating regions with high concentration of intraspecific diversity in Mexico, as a fundamental measure for the in situ conservation of their agrobiodiversity, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools have been used to generate diversity and richness indexes for 64 maize races cultivated in Mexico, using indexes to demarcate relationships to environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation, and altitude; the presence of indigenous groups; and the type of maize used. These relations allowed defining seven environmental units spatially, with characteristic maize races in each of them, which constitute priority areas for in situ conservation. In addition, a close relationship was found between the diversity of maize races and of ethnic groups, from the center to the south of the country, associated with the differences in maize use in different ethnic groups. This geographical demarcation of races and uses of maize will favor food security through specific measures of in situ conservation, as well as an increase in added value of maize by-products based on specific maize races conserved by local ethnic groups.

show abstract

Conservation and Use of Latin American Maize Diversity: Pillar of Nutrition Security and Cultural Heritage of Humanity

Cited by 65 publications

References 84 publications

Analysis of the Evolution of Drought through SPI and Its Relationship with the Agricultural Sector in the Central Zone of the State of Veracruz, Mexico

Analysis of the Evolution of Drought through SPI and Its Relationship with the Agricultural Sector in the Central Zone of the State of Veracruz, Mexico

Plant agrobiodiversity conservation and use in intensive farming systems: N-Italy as a case study.

Spatial Delimitation of Genetic Diversity of Native Maize and Its Relationship with Ethnic Groups in Mexico

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About