Conservation of Grassland Birds in North America: Understanding Ecological Processes in Different Regions: "Report of the AOU Committee on Conservation"

Askins, Robert A.; Chávez-Ramírez, Felipe; Dale, Brenda C.; Haas, Carola A.; Herkert, James R.; Knopf, Fritz L.; Vickery, Peter D.

doi:10.2307/40166905

Cited by 209 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…Populations of most grassland species are declining, including both specialist and generalist species (Knopf 1994, Askins et al 2007, and Sprague's Pipits and Chestnut-collared Longspurs are of federal conservation concern in Canada (COSEWIC 2010). These species both responded negatively and at large distances to crop edges.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grassland birds have experienced significant population declines over the past 40 years (Knopf 1994), partly because of habitat loss and degradation (Samson and Knopf 1994, Davis et al 1999, Askins et al 2007. Fragmentation is one outcome of habitat loss and can result in significant edge effects such as lower species abundances near edges (Laurance andYensen 1991, Ewers andDidham 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grassland Bird Responses to Three Edge Types in a Fragmented Mixed-Grass Prairie

Sliwinski¹,

Koper²

2012

ACE

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ABSTRACT. One possible factor that may have contributed to the decline of grassland bird populations is edge avoidance. In the mixed-grass prairie, habitat fragmentation is often caused by juxtaposition of habitats with vegetation that is structurally similar to prairie, making it difficult to understand why birds avoid habitat edges. We hypothesized that display height or resource-use strategy, i.e., the degree to which a species depends on grassland habitat, might explain variation in sensitivity to habitat edges among different species of grassland birds. To test our hypotheses, we used data on the abundance of grassland birds in native mixed-grass prairie fields in southern Alberta, Canada, from 2000 to 2002. Point counts were conducted up to 4.1 km from croplands, 2.2 km from roads, and 1.8 km from wetlands. We used nonlinear regression models to determine the distance at which relative abundance of 12 bird species changed in response to edge, and linear regression to determine if display height or resource-use strategy explained variation in response to different types of edges. Variation in response to edge was not explained by display height or resource-use strategy. However, six species avoided wetland edges, two avoided roads, and four avoided cropland. Two species of conservation concern, Chestnut-collared Longspurs (Calcarius ornatus) and Sprague's Pipits (Anthus spragueii), declined in abundance by 25% or more within 1.95 km and 0.91 km, respectively, of cropland edges. Because Chestnut-collared Longspurs avoided croplands to at least 1.95 km, it will be important to prevent further fragmentation of mixed-grass prairies by agriculture.RÉSUMÉ. L'évitement des bordures est un des facteurs avancés dans le déclin des populations d'oiseaux de prairie. Dans la prairie mixte, la fragmentation d'habitat se présente souvent sous la forme d'une juxtaposition de milieux dont la végétation est structurellement similaire à la prairie, ce qui rend difficile de comprendre pourquoi les oiseaux évitent les bordures d'habitat. Nous avons émis l'hypothèse voulant que la hauteur de parade ou la stratégie d'utilisation des ressources, c'est-à-dire à quel degré une espèce dépend de l'habitat de prairie, expliquerait peut-être la variation de sensibilité aux bordures chez différentes espèces d'oiseaux de prairie. Afin de tester notre hypothèse, nous avons utilisé des données d'abondance des oiseaux de prairie dans des champs de prairie mixte naturelle du sud de l'Alberta, au Canada, de 2000 à 2002. Des dénombrements par points d'écoute ont été effectués jusqu'à 4,1 km de terres cultivées, jusqu'à 2,2 km de routes et jusqu'à 1,8 km de milieux humides. Nous avons utilisé la régression non linéaire dans le but de déterminer la distance à laquelle l'abondance relative de 12 espèces d'oiseaux changeait en réaction aux bordures, et la régression linéaire pour établir si la hauteur de parade ou la stratégie d'utilisation des ressources expliquait la variation de réaction selon les différents types de bordure. La variation dans l...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grassland Bird Responses to Three Edge Types in a Fragmented Mixed-Grass Prairie

Sliwinski¹,

Koper²

2012

ACE

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“…These data contribute to the land sparing/land sharing discussion; providing an example where farm-scale land sparing, in this case woodland patches, is complemented by land sharing in the adjacent crop matrix. Further data are needed for other farmland birds in North America, including both shrubland and grassland species [28,53], particularly those populations in decline in regions where organic farming is practiced at a sufficiently large scale to contribute to species conservation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Different Cover Types on American Robin Nest Success in Organic Agroecosystems

2013

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There are many opportunities for biodiversity conservation in organic farm systems. Successful and sustainable conservation efforts in organic systems, however, need to measure appropriate outcomes. In particular, data are needed on the breeding success of associated wildlife species. We measured nesting success of the American Robin (Turdus migratorius) in woodlands embedded within eight organic farms in eastern Nebraska. We modeled daily nest survival rate to identify land use and land cover patterns that optimize conservation of birds in organic farm systems. The percentage of a crop in the fields adjacent to linear woodlands best predicted daily survival rate. Daily survival rate was lower in fields adjacent to wheat and greater in woodlands adjacent to soybean fields, though the latter may be a weak effect. There was no evidence that reducing the area allocated to organic crop production would improve daily survival rate but rather an evidence of a patch-matrix interaction. These results suggest that, if suitable nesting sites exist, organic farmers can complement local conservation efforts without losing working farmland.

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“…Com a intensificação da agricultura no Cerrado, além dos impactos diretos relacionados à conversão do habitat nativo em campos de cultivo, um fator relevante é a substituição das espécies nativas por gramíneas exóticas para a pastagem e uma série de fatores associados que tendem a degradar ainda mais o habitat: o uso de pesticidas, a aragem da terra, a drenagem das áreas úmidas, entre outros (ASKINS et al, 2007).…”

Section: O Grassland As Paisagens Campestres Nativas Do Cerrado E a unclassified

Fronteira do Gado e a Melinis Minutiflora P. Beauv. (POACEAE):

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Mateus²,

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Conservation of Grassland Birds in North America: Understanding Ecological Processes in Different Regions: "Report of the AOU Committee on Conservation"

Cited by 209 publications

References 187 publications

Grassland Bird Responses to Three Edge Types in a Fragmented Mixed-Grass Prairie

Grassland Bird Responses to Three Edge Types in a Fragmented Mixed-Grass Prairie

The Influence of Different Cover Types on American Robin Nest Success in Organic Agroecosystems

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