Conservation of human Y chromosome sequences among male great apes: Implications for the evolution of Y chromosomes

Allen, Beverly Steele; Ostrer, Harry

doi:10.1007/bf00178245

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Traditional theory states that degeneration and loss of active genes from the Y is expected to occur to counteract the accumulation of deleterious mutations that begins as soon as the lack of recombination sets Muller's ratchet in motion (Charlesworth 1991;Fisher 1935). However, this process of degeneration, although detectable (Rice 1994), appears to progress rather slowly (Allen & Ostrer 1994;Charlesworth et al 1997).…”

Section: Selective Sweeps Meiotic Drive and Y Chromosome Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting levels of genetic diversity in natural populations

Amos

Harwood

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

334

224

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Genetic variability is the clay of evolution, providing the base material on which adaptation and speciation depend. It is often assumed that most interspeci¢c di¡erences in variability are due primarily to population size e¡ects, with bottlenecked populations carrying less variability than those of stable size. However, we show that population bottlenecks are unlikely to be the only factor, even in classic case studies such as the northern elephant seal and the cheetah, where genetic polymorphism is virtually absent. Instead, we suggest that the low levels of variability observed in endangered populations are more likely to result from a combination of publication biases, which tend to in£ate the level of variability which is considered normal', and inbreeding e¡ects, which may hasten loss of variability due to drift. To account for species with large population sizes but low variability we advance three hypotheses. First, it is known that certain metapopulation structures can result in e¡ective population sizes far below the census size. Second, there is increasing evidence that heterozygous sites mutate more frequently than equivalent homozygous sites, plausibly because mismatch repair between homologous chromosomes during meiosis provides extra opportunities to mutate. Such a mechanism would undermine the simple relationship between heterozygosity and e¡ective population size. Third, the fact that related species that di¡er greatly in variability implies that large amounts of variability can be gained or lost rapidly. We argue that such cases are best explained by rapid loss through a genome-wide selective sweep, and suggest a mechanism by which this could come about, based on forced changes to a control gene inducing coevolution in the genes it controls. Our model, based on meiotic drive in mammals, but easily extended to other systems, would tend to facilitate population isolation by generating molecular incompatabilities. Circumstances can even be envisioned in which the process could provide intrinsic impetus to speciation.

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Section: Selective Sweeps Meiotic Drive and Y Chromosome Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting levels of genetic diversity in natural populations

Amos

Harwood

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

334

224

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“…G12000) sequence-tagged sites were amplified by using the conditions and primers reported by Vollrath et al (27). The Y-specific clones 4-1 (DYS188) and 3-8 (DYS194) (28) were sequenced by primer walking (GenBank accession nos. AF257063 and AF257064), and the sequence information was used to design primers to amplify shorter fragments for DHPLC analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations share a common pool of Y-chromosome biallelic haplotypes

Hammer

Redd

Wood

et al. 2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

238

200

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“…This map was generated using YACs from the region, and confirmed on human genomic DNA using cells cultured in the presence of 5-azaC. Several maps of interval 6 have also been developed, although there are still gaps between them (Wong and Affara, this workshop; Yen et al, this workshop;Allen and Ostrer, 1994). It should be noted that these maps were derived solely from analysis of YAC clones and have not been confirmed by comparison to maps of genomic DNA.…”

Section: New Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%