Conservation physiology of animal migration

Lennox, Robert J.; Chapman, Jacqueline M.; Souliere, Christopher M.; Tudorache, Christian; Wikelski, Martin; Metcalfe, Julian D.; Cooke, Steven J.

doi:10.1093/conphys/cov072

Cited by 92 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 178 publications

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“…; Lennox et al. ). From the few studies in high (>60°N) latitude systems, temperature has been found to influence migration timing, and more research is needed on how temperature affects energy and stress levels during spawning migrations (Mundy and Evenson ; Lennox et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…There is limited information linking variability in river conditions with energy demands of Sockeye Salmon during spawning migrations in arctic and subarctic ecosystems (Rand et al 2006;Lennox et al 2016). From the few studies in high (>60°N) latitude systems, temperature has been found to influence migration timing, and more research is needed on how temperature affects energy and stress levels during spawning migrations (Mundy and Evenson 2011;Lennox et al 2016;Carey et al 2017). Moreover, exploring the influence of river temperatures in subarctic watersheds will help generalize the impact of inriver temperature to other Sockeye Salmon populations and help managers anticipate which environmental factors will influence energetic conditions of Sockeye Salmon during spawning migrations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Energy Depletion and Stress Levels in Sockeye Salmon Migrating at the Northern Edge of their Distribution

et al. 2019

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The physiological challenge for anadromous fish to migrate upriver is influenced by river temperature, but the impacts of river temperature can be difficult to predict due to an incomplete understanding of how temperature influences migration costs, especially in high‐latitude (>60°N) ecosystems. To assess temperature influences on migrating Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., we measured heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), as an indicator of cellular stress, and energy content of Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka throughout their upriver migration in the Pilgrim River, Alaska. Although HSP70 was elevated as fish moved to the spawning grounds and was higher in fish with low energy content, HSP70 did not increase with warmer river temperatures. We verified in an experiment that HSP70 abundance in Sockeye Salmon does respond to temperatures above 20.5°C. Over the 4 years of sampling, energy content decreased at similar rates as Sockeye Salmon moved upstream. We expected Sockeye Salmon energy levels would be lower when migrating in warmer river temperatures; however, we found higher energy levels occurred with higher temperatures in the Pilgrim River. We hypothesize that the relationship between temperature and energy content is due to river temperatures often occurring below optimal temperatures for migration. Lower temperatures could be energetically costly or reduce migration rates, both of which would result in lower energy content with cooler temperature. Understanding interactions between environmental drivers and physiological responses will help managers anticipate future changes for Sockeye Salmon at the northern edge of their distribution.

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Energy Depletion and Stress Levels in Sockeye Salmon Migrating at the Northern Edge of their Distribution

et al. 2019

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“…In general, migratory and high‐mobile species, like the potamodromous Iberian barbel, have a high reliance on habitat and environmental features to complete their different life‐history processes (Lennox et al, ; Lucas & Baras, ). Ultimately, at specific stages or periods of their annual and seasonal cycle (e.g., migration, growth, and reproduction), they tend to display reophilic behaviour and/or present demographic strategies particularly mediated by the timing and intensity of flow and temperature cues (Pavlov, Mikheev, Lupandin, & Skorobogatov, ; Skov et al, ), variables that are usually less important (i.e., confirmed by the poor relationships obtained in this study between chub's seasonal growth or GSI and environmental predictors) for the development of the more flexible and generalist life‐cycle strategies of resident species (Lucas & Baras, ; Tedesco et al, ).…”

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Life‐cycle responses of a Mediterranean non‐migratory cyprinid species, the Northern Iberian chub (Squalius carolitertii Doadrio, 1988), to streamflow regulation

2018

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Streamflow is considered a driver of interspecific and intraspecific life‐history differences among freshwater fish. Therefore, dams and related flow regulation can have deleterious impacts on their life cycles. The main objective of this study was to assess existing differences in the growth and reproduction patterns of a non‐migratory fish species (the Northern Iberian chub, Squalius carolitertii, Doadrio, 1988), between nonregulated and regulated watercourses. For 1 year, samples were collected from two populations of Iberian chub, inhabiting rivers with nonregulated and regulated flow regimes. Flow regulation for water storage promoted changes in chub's condition, duration of spawning, fecundity, and oocyte size. However, this non‐migratory species was less responsive to streamflow regulation than other native potamodromous species. Findings from this study are important to understand changes imposed by regulated rivers and can be used to support the implementation of suitable river management practices.

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“…Temperature constrains the distribution of species (Pörtner, ) and influences the timing and expression of many life history events (Walther, Post, Convey, & Menzel, ) such as breeding, aestivation/hibernation and migration (Lennox, Chapman, et al., ). For ectotherms such as most fishes, temperature directly controls, and can ultimately limit, the rates of enzymatic, metabolic and cardiac processes (Behrisch, ; Farrell, Eliason, Sandblom, & Clark, ; Fry, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergetic consequences of warming rivers to adult Atlantic salmon Salmo salar during their spawning migration

et al. 2018

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Climate change poses a challenge to wild fishes, yet little is known about the behavioural use and metabolic consequences of thermally heterogeneous water encountered by wild salmon during their energetically demanding upstream spawning migration. Temperature, body size and activity levels were modelled to predict energy depletion of salmon during their spawning migration in rivers. Archival temperature loggers revealed the thermal habitat of adult migrating Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar Salmonidae), which we used to apply bioenergetics models that estimated size‐dependent temperature‐driven metabolic expenditures as part of the costs of the migration. Between July 16 and August 19, the mean water temperature experienced by salmon (tFISH) ranged from 11.5 to 18.0°C (14.5 ± 1.2 SD °C) and closely followed the ambient surface water temperature (tRIVER) of the river (11.5–18.5°C; 14.8 ± 1.4°C) such that the regression equation tFISH = 3.24 + 0.76 (tRIVER) was highly correlated with observations (R2 = 0.94). Although temperature increases were predicted and confirmed to increase energetic costs, rates of energy depletion were more sensitive to changes in swimming speed and body size than to temperature increases in the range explored for this system. We conclude that warming could contribute to changing life history phenotypes of salmon in some rivers, for example, delayed river entry or reduced probability of iteroparity, with potentially more dire consequences for smaller individuals.

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Conservation physiology of animal migration

Cited by 92 publications

References 178 publications

Energy Depletion and Stress Levels in Sockeye Salmon Migrating at the Northern Edge of their Distribution

Energy Depletion and Stress Levels in Sockeye Salmon Migrating at the Northern Edge of their Distribution

Life‐cycle responses of a Mediterranean non‐migratory cyprinid species, the Northern Iberian chub (Squalius carolitertii Doadrio, 1988), to streamflow regulation

Bioenergetic consequences of warming rivers to adult Atlantic salmon Salmo salar during their spawning migration

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