Conservation planning following reclamation of intertidal areas throughout the Yellow and Bohai Seas, China

Duan, Haibao; Xia, Shaoxia; Hou, Xiyong; Liu, Yu; Yu, Xiubo

doi:10.1007/s10531-019-01851-3

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Both natural coastal and artificial wetland types provide important foraging and resting sites for waterbirds (Xia et al, 2016). Coastal wetlands in this region have been lost or degraded between 2000 and 2015 (Duan et al, 2019), contributing to a rapid decline in waterbird populations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Citizen science data are routinely collected over large spatial and temporal scales. Such data mainly include species records (names), location data (longitude, latitude, place name) and survey dates (Duan et al, 2019; Ma et al, 2012). Species distribution models (SDMs) can identify relationships between distribution records of species and corresponding environmental variables, enabling information on the potential habitat of species to be generated (Andrew & Fox, 2020; Austin, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…'P' is the proportion of tidal flat that represented suitable waterbird habitat in 2000 that was lost by 2015, T 2000 is the area of tidal flat that represented suitable habitat in 2000 and T lost is the area of tidal flat that represented suitable waterbird habitat in 2000 that was lost by 2015.Then, we calculated the area of new artificial wetland of suitable habitat in 2015 (formerly tidal flats that represented suitable habitat in 2000). We did this because (1) coastal wetland was converted mainly into aquaculture and salt pan between 2000 and 2015 along China's coasts(Duan et al, 2019); (2) aquaculture and salt pan are frequently used by waterbirds(Duan et al, 2019;Jackson et al, 2020;Lei et al, 2018); and (3) the four bird categories (shorebirds, herons, gulls, ducks) have different preferences for aquaculture and salt pan(Ma et al, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Waterbird habitat loss: fringes of the Yellow and Bohai Seas along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

Duan

Xia

et al. 2021

Land Degrad Dev

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Natural wetlands along the coasts of the Yellow and Bohai Seas provide key stopover sites for migratory waterbirds. However, these wetlands are facing land loss. Understanding how natural wetland loss influences habitat is important for habitat management. We used species distribution models to report changes in area of suitable habitat and analysed the effects of natural wetland loss on habitat for 80 waterbird species of four functional categories (shorebirds, ducks, herons, gulls) between 2000 and 2015 beside the Yellow and Bohai Seas. Between 2000 and 2015, 1794.8 km 2 (29.27%) of coastal wetland was lost to development, most of which were tidal flats that were lost by conversion into aquaculture and salt pan habitat or land for construction. Consequently, habitat for 73 of these 80 species has decreased in area over this time period. Generally, the proportional decline in habitat suitable for duck species was less than that for shorebirds, and the proportional decline in suitable habitat was not significantly different between National Protected Species and Non-National Protected Species. The proportional loss of tidal flats that formerly represented suitable habitat was also significantly higher for shorebirds, herons and gulls than for ducks. Because more duck species exploit aquaculture and salt pan habitat that was converted from tidal flats habitats, such conversion of tidal flats poses a greater threat to shorebirds, herons and gulls than to ducks. Preventing further reclamation of tidal flats and managing artificial wetlands are priorities for waterbird conservation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waterbird habitat loss: fringes of the Yellow and Bohai Seas along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

Duan

Xia

et al. 2021

Land Degrad Dev

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“…The maximum entropy method (MaxEnt) is a species distribution model (SDM) that is used to simulate the habitats that are suitable for species based on presence data and information of environmental variables [46]. Due to the model's effectiveness, it has been widely used in biodiversity (especially for endangered species) conservation [47][48][49][50][51], invasive species control [52,53], as well as nature reserve planning and management [54][55][56]. It has also been applied to reconstruct habitat shifts of individual species or vegetation during the last glacial period, and simulate how paleoclimatic fluctuations have influenced the present distribution [57][58][59], predict the potential distribution in the future, find conservation gaps, and guide protection management [60][61][62].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of the Suitable Area of the Chinese White Pines (Pinus subsect. Strobus) under Climate Changes and Implications for Their Conservation

Lin

Xie

Cui

2020

Forests

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White pines (Pinus subsect. Strobus) play important roles in forest ecosystems in the Northern Hemisphere. Species of this group are narrowly distributed or endangered in China. In this study, we used a species distribution model (SDM) to project and predict the distribution patterns of the 12 species of Chinese white pine under a variety of paleoclimatic and future climate change scenarios based on 39 high-resolution environmental variables and 1459 distribution records. We also computed the centroid shift, range expansion/contraction, and suitability change of the current distribution area to assess the potential risk to each species in the future. The modeling results revealed that the suitable habitat of each species is consistent with but slightly larger than its actual distribution range and that temperature, precipitation, and UV radiation are important determining factors for the distribution of different white pine species. The results indicate that the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) greatly affected the current distribution of the Chinese white pine species. Additionally, it was predicted that under the future climate change scenarios, there will be a reduction in the area of habitats suitable for P. armandii, P. morrisonicola, and P. mastersiana. Furthermore, some of the current distribution sites of P. armandii, P. kwangtungensis, P. mastersiana, P. morrisonicola, P. sibirica, and P. wallichiana were predicted to become more unsuitable under these scenarios. These results indicate that some Chinese white pine species, such as P. armandii, P. morrisonicola, and P. mastersiana, may have a very high risk of population shrinkage in the future. Overall, this study provided relevant data for the long-term conservation (both in situ and ex situ) and sustainable management of Chinese white pine species.

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“…Substantial loss of intertidal habitat in China has occurred as a result of land reclamation for agriculture, aquaculture and industrial uses (Ma et al, 2014;Murray et al, 2014;Piersma et al, 2017;Choi et al, 2018;Duan et al, 2019). Reduced sediment discharge to coasts, changed hydrological regimes and sea level rise are also thought to have contributed to tidal flat loss (Iwamura et al, 2013;Murray et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserving shorebirds in human-dominated landscapes

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Wetlands support biodiversity and provide critical ecosystem services but have been severely impacted by human activity. Shorebirds are a diverse group of waterbirds that usually forage in shallow water, making them highly dependent on wetlands. Coastal shorebirds are increasingly threatened in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway where coastlines are heavily developed and wetlands have been extensively modified and degraded. In this human-dominated landscape, shorebirds sometimes aggregate in artificial wetlands associated with human production activities including agriculture, aquaculture and salt production. However, it is unknown whether artificial habitat use is widespread by shorebirds across the flyway, if such habitats could help to offset negative population trends, or how artificial habitats should be managed alongside natural habitats to achieve conservation outcomes. This thesis investigates the use of artificial and natural habitats by shorebirds in heavily developed coastal regions of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, and suggests conservation and management actions in this setting. Chapter 2 presents the first large-scale review of coastal artificial habitat use by shorebirds in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. Analysing data from multiple monitoring programs and the literature, it shows that 83 shorebird species have occurred on more than 170 artificial sites of eight different land uses throughout the flyway, including 36 species in internationally important numbers. However, occurrence and foraging on artificial habitats is uneven among species, and different land uses support varying abundances and species diversity. Saltworks host a larger and more diverse shorebird assemblage than other artificial habitats, but are threatened by conversion to land uses of lesser habitat value. Chapter 3 presents a detailed case study of artificial habitat use in a critical stopover area comprising ~150 km of coastline in Jiangsu province, China. It shows that most shorebirds are completely limited to artificial habitats during high tide because natural intertidal wetlands are covered by seawater and no natural habitat remains in the supratidal zone. Further, most shorebirds were observed using artificial habitats almost exclusively for roosting (rather than foraging), and selected larger ponds with less water and vegetation cover and fewer built structures nearby, characteristics that can be cultivated through management. These results suggest that jointly managing artificial supratidal and natural iii intertidal habitats would benefit shorebirds in this region, and this approach is likely applicable to sites throughout heavily developed regions of the flyway. Chapter 4 uses long-term monitoring data from five highly developed coastal regions of Australia to show that a high proportion of all shorebirds (more than one-third in four regions and more than two-thirds in two regions) use artificial habitats at high tide. It indicates that a relatively low proportion of migratory and coastal habitat specialist ...

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Conservation planning following reclamation of intertidal areas throughout the Yellow and Bohai Seas, China

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

Waterbird habitat loss: fringes of the Yellow and Bohai Seas along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

Waterbird habitat loss: fringes of the Yellow and Bohai Seas along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

Prediction of the Suitable Area of the Chinese White Pines (Pinus subsect. Strobus) under Climate Changes and Implications for Their Conservation

Conserving shorebirds in human-dominated landscapes

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