ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the treatment efficacy of enucleation after decompression.Materials and MethodsA total of 17 patients with cystic lesion of the jaw were treated with decompression followed by enucleation. Pre- and postdecompression panoramic radiographs were analyzed.ResultsThe mean percentage of reduction after decompression was 64%. The reaction was graded as good (>80%) in five patients (29.4%), moderate (50%-80%) in nine patients (52.9%), and poor (<50%) in three patients (17.6%). The reduction rate of larger cystic lesions was faster than that of smaller lesions. However, the reduction rate was not affected by age. The duration of follow-up ranged from one to eight years. There were no complications, and one case recurred.ConclusionDecompression is an effective method for the initial treatment of jaw cysts.