Conserving Biodiversity in Urbanizing Areas: Nontraditional Views from a Bird's Perspective

Marzluff, John M.; Rodewald, Amanda D.

doi:10.15365/cate.1262008

Cited by 75 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 112 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…At least in Colombia, a number of such programs have been instituted but their results need to be evaluated and published. Finally, an aspect emphasized by Marzluff and Rodewald (2008) is the importance of involving city planners and managers in designing and improving green areas as urbanization proceeds, a critical need for the future of a rapidly expanding city like Bogotá.…”

Section: The Present Study In the Context Of Urban Ornithology In Latmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes over 26 Years in the Avifauna of the Bogotá Region, Colombia: Has Climate Change Become Important?

2017

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High Neotropical mountains are among the most threatened ecosystems by climate change and this problem could be accentuated in cities where temperatures are higher. However, there are few data of long-term avifaunal changes in Neotropical cities, and the potential impact of climate change has yet to be addressed. Using data from 26 years of Audubon's Christmas Bird Counts (CBCs) in the Bogotá area (ca. 2,600-3,100 m in Colombia's eastern Andes), we analyze long-term changes of the avifauna using linear regressions corrected for species' habitat preferences and compared urban and rural sites. For the CBC we followed the National Audubon Society's methodology in which birds are counted over a 24-h period within a fixed circle 24 km in diameter. We recorded 235 species in the Bogotá circle with an average of 122 spp/year, including 46 boreal migrants, three endemic species, and four endemic subspecies, two globally and four locally threatened species. Species richness was higher in rural than in urban areas and most species were associated with native forest and scrub and wetlands. Among the species that were analyzed for changes in time 31% increased, 20% decreased, and 49% did not change. Strong fluctuations or changes in abundance were more frequent in urban than rural environments. Many of the species that increased or became established during the CBC interval came from lower elevations or the warmer, drier parts of the region beyond the count circle. By contrast, the lower elevational limits moved to higher elevations in several species that decreased. Climate change with its related effects represented the factor associated with the most changes in abundance. Other potential causes were direct human actions, mostly associated with urbanization, and "natural" successional changes in vegetation; predation by feral dogs and cowbird parasitism also affected several species negatively. Observations indicate that these factors will continue into the future, and the effects of climate change and urbanization in particular will probably intensify. The Bogotá CBC has provided much valuable information for Neotropical urban ornithology and its practice should be encouraged in other Latin American cities and should definitely continue in Bogotá for many years to come.

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Section: The Present Study In the Context Of Urban Ornithology In Latmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes over 26 Years in the Avifauna of the Bogotá Region, Colombia: Has Climate Change Become Important?

2017

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“…While Martin's (2008) focus is mainly vegetation, Marzluff and Rodewald (2008) draw attention to how human manipulation of plant communities and landscape patterns impact animal, especially bird, populations. Drawing from general ecological theories and numerous studies, they discuss scientificallyinformed guidelines for designing and managing urbanized regions and individual parcels in ways that support a higher diversity of animal species (e.g., by providing favorable nesting and food resources).…”

Section: Papers In This Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These points emphasize two central aspects of the ecological landscaping framework: the importance of considering variables not traditionally defined as landscaping practices (feeding birds), and the value in examining relationships between individual parcels and the environment surrounding them. As Marzluff and Rodewald (2008) suggest, such insights can help guide management and restoration activities in urbanized areas that lead to more successful biodiversity conservation.…”

Section: Papers In This Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…When conflicts arise between the sociocultural and physical-ecological desires for landscaping, engaging community members in the discussion, analysis, and design of alternative ecological landscaping strategies may be essential for reaching solutions (as is exemplified by the case studies described by Shuster et al 2008 and implied in the discussions of Baker et al 2008 andMarzluff andRodewald 2008;see also McKenzie-Mohr and Smith 1999). One model for community engagement is a citizen science program in which non-scientists participate in a study that has real-world relevance (Bäckstrand 2003).…”

Section: Papers In This Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this issue, Martin (2008) and Marzluff and Rodewald (2008) suggest possible guidelines for ecological desert landscaping and successful conservation of urban vertebrate wildlife, respectively. Although they drew from extensive scientific research, their guidelines might be limited by the specific organismal, geographic, and sociocultural contexts in which the reviewed research was conducted; thus, it is uncertain how applicable these guidelines are to other organisms and geographical areas.…”

Section: Conclusion Challenges and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Introduction to Ecological Landscaping: A Holistic Description and Framework to Guide the Study and Management of Urban Landscape Parcels

Byrne¹,

Grewal²

2008

CATE

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Urbanized ecosystems and urban human populations are expanding around the world causing many negative environmental effects. A challenge for achieving sustainable urban social-ecological systems is understanding how urbanized landscapes can be designed and managed to minimize negative outcomes. To this end, an interdisciplinary Ecological Landscaping conference was organized to examine the interacting sociocultural and ecological causes and consequences of landscaping practices and products. This special issue of Cities and the Environment contains a diverse set of articles arising from that conference. In this introductory paper, we describe the meaning of ecological landscaping and a new conceptual framework that helps organize the topic's complex issues. The essence of ecological landscaping is a holistic systems-thinking perspective for understanding the interrelationships among physical-ecological and sociocultural variables that give rise to the patterns and processes of biodiversity, abiotic conditions, and ecosystem processes within and among individually-managed urban landscape parcels. This perspective suggests that 1) variables not considered part of traditional landscaping and 2) the effects of landscaping within an individual parcel on variables outside of it must both be considered when making design and management decisions about a parcel. To illustrate how these points help create a more holistic, ecological approach to landscaping, a traditional ecosystem model is used to create a framework for discussing how sociocultural and physical-ecological inputs to a landscape parcel affect its characteristics and outputs. As exemplified by papers in this issue, an integrated sociocultural-ecological approach to the study of urban landscaping practices and products is needed to 1) understand why and how humans design and mange urban landscape parcels, 2) describe how the combined characteristics and outputs of many parcels give rise to the emergent ecosystem properties of urbanized areas, and 3) develop effective educational programs that catalyze adoption of sustainable landscaping choices and practices. The paper concludes with a discussion of challenges for the future of ecological landscaping research and practice, and a list of preliminary guidelines for ecological landscaping. We hope that this special issue will increase understanding, visibility, and research about the value of an ecological approach to urban landscaping.

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Mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in urban green spaces: implications for urban wildlife conservation

Gallo

Fidino

Lehrer

et al. 2017

Ecological Applications

125

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As urban growth expands and natural environments fragment, it is essential to understand the ecological roles fulfilled by urban green spaces. To evaluate how urban green spaces function as wildlife habitat, we estimated mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in city parks, cemeteries, golf courses, and natural areas throughout the greater Chicago, Illinois, USA region. We found similar α-diversity (with the exception of city parks), but remarkably dissimilar communities in different urban green spaces. Additionally, the type of urban green space greatly influenced species colonization and persistence rates. For example, coyotes (Canis latrans) had the highest, but white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) the lowest probability of persistence in golf courses compared to other green space types. Further, most species had a difficult time colonizing city parks even when sites were seemingly available. Our results indicate that urban green spaces contribute different, but collectively important, habitats for maintaining and conserving biodiversity in cities.

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Conserving Biodiversity in Urbanizing Areas: Nontraditional Views from a Bird's Perspective

Cited by 75 publications

References 112 publications

Changes over 26 Years in the Avifauna of the Bogotá Region, Colombia: Has Climate Change Become Important?

Changes over 26 Years in the Avifauna of the Bogotá Region, Colombia: Has Climate Change Become Important?

Introduction to Ecological Landscaping: A Holistic Description and Framework to Guide the Study and Management of Urban Landscape Parcels

Mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in urban green spaces: implications for urban wildlife conservation

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