Conserving biological diversity in the face of climate change

Peters, Robert

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511759406.007

Cited by 38 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Here, information for the first decade in January and the first decade in July was compiled. Information was also used on the cover of 68 vegetation types (Low and Rebelo 1996), as vegetation type is a prime determinant of ecosystem type (Peters 1992), driving patterns of the associated fauna and soil microbiota. The vegetation types are classed into seven biomes.…”

Section: Environmental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing biodiversity: selecting priority areas for conservation using different criteria

2005

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Abstract. International treaties call for the protection of biodiversity in all its manifestations, including ecosystem and species diversities. The selection of most priority area networks focuses, however, primarily on species richness and occurrence. The effectiveness of this approach in capturing higher order manifestations of biodiversity, that is ecosystem and environmental diversity patterns, remains poorly understood. Using a case study of birds and environmental data from South Africa and Lesotho, we test how complementary networks that maximise species diversity perform with regard to their representation of ecosystem and environmental diversity, and vice versa. We compare these results to the performance of the existing reserve network. We conclude that focusing on any single biodiversity component alone is insufficient to protect other components. We offer explanations for this in terms of the autocorrelation of species diversity in environmental space.

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Section: Environmental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing biodiversity: selecting priority areas for conservation using different criteria

2005

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“…For example, large sub-continental ecosystem boundaries based on north-south variations in temperature and east-west variations in humidity such the site regions (ecoregions) described by Hills (1961) and Crins (2002) for Ontario will shift in response to a warmer climate. And the boundaries of smaller ecosystems based on vegetation will be re-defined by species from new configurations in response to the combined impacts of climate change, human activities, and natural disturbance (Peters 1992, Walter and Patterson 1994, Davis et al 1998.…”

Section: Ecosystem Diversity In a Changing Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change on diversity in forested ecosystems: Some examples

Gray¹

2005

The Forestry Chronicle

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Ecological diversity (the product of ecosystem, species, and genetic diversity) will change significantly in the 21 st Century in response to the combined influence of climate, human activities, the movement of indigenous and non-indigenous species, and natural disturbances like fire (also modified by climate). Many species will acclimate (phenotypic variation) and/or adapt (genotypic variation) to changing conditions. Many will not. Species with a high rate of reproduction that are able to move long distances, rapidly colonize new habitats, tolerate humans, and survive within a broad range of biophysical conditions will be most successful in finding new niches. Large changes in ecosystem composition, structure, and function are expected to occur at northern latitudes and higher altitudes. In some areas novel ecosystems likely will replace existing subalpine, alpine, boreal forest, and tundra ecosystems.Key words: climate change, ecodiversity, forest, ecosystem diversity, species diversity, genetic diversity RÉSUMÉ La diversité écologique (le produit de la diversité des écosystèmes, des espèces et de la diversité génétique) sera significativement modifiée au cours du XXI e siècle en réaction à l'influence combinée du climat, des activités humaines, du déplacement des espèces indigènes et non -indigènes et des perturbations naturelles comme les feux de forêts (également modifiés par le climat). Plusieurs espèces s'acclimateront (variation phénotypique) ou encore s'adapteront (variation génotypique) aux conditions changeantes. Mais ce ne sera pas le cas pour plusieurs espèces. Les espèces avec un fort taux de reproduction qui sont capables de se déplacer sur de grandes distances, de coloniser de nouveaux habitats, de tolérer les humains et de survivre sous une grande variété de conditions bio-physiques seront celles qui connaîtront le plus de succès dans la recherche d'une nouvelle niche. D'importants changements dans la composition des écosystèmes, dans la structure et les fonctions devraient s'opérer sous des latitudes plus nordiques et à des élévations supérieures. Dans certaines régions, de nouveaux écosystèmes devraient vraisemblablement remplacer les écosystèmes subalpins, alpins, boréaux et de la toundra.

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“…Driven by physiological tolerances and habitat requirements, species also tend to shift their ranges polewards and to higher latitudes in response to rising temperatures (Peters 1992 (Harington 1968;Jonkel et al 1972;Stirling et al 1980). In both cases, the bears exited their dens around the same time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased temperatures cause species to shift their ranges to higher latitudes and altitudes, generally moving away from the equator (Peters 1992;Parmesan and Yohe 2003;Root et al 2003;Parmesan 2006;Parry et al 2007). The ecological impact of climate change is expected to be most pronounced at high latitudes (Root et al 2003), including the Arctic where annual mean temperatures are rapidly increasing (IPCC 2013), species' physiological constraints limit their ability to expand their range (Parmesan 2006;Williams et al 2010), and ice-adapted organisms are facing extensive habitat loss (Laidre et al 2008;Wassmann et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying shifts in maternity den phenology and habitat characteristics of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in Baffin Bay and Kane Basin

et al. 2017

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Identifying shifts in maternity den phenology and habitat characteristics of polar bears ( previously published data on maternity and shelter dens from 1991-1997 in order to look for shifts in maternity den site characteristics and phenology. Sea ice has decreased markedly in the two study regions since the early 1990s. Our specific objectives were to: 1) identify den entry and exit dates using temperature and location data from satellite radio collars; 2) compute denning duration and compare the results to historical data from the 1990s; and 3) characterize These results suggest significant changes in maternity den phenology and denning habitat selection in Baffin Bay over the past two decades. Shifts in the timing of melting sea ice and the absence of suitable snow conditions may explain the observed changes. This study offers a successful example of the use of satellite telemetry in detecting shifts in phenology and habitat selection for species that occupy remote habitats.

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Conserving biological diversity in the face of climate change

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Capturing biodiversity: selecting priority areas for conservation using different criteria

Capturing biodiversity: selecting priority areas for conservation using different criteria

Impacts of climate change on diversity in forested ecosystems: Some examples

Identifying shifts in maternity den phenology and habitat characteristics of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in Baffin Bay and Kane Basin

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