Consideration of Blood Serum Biochemical Parameters of Yellow Fin Sea Bream (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Acantopagrus latus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Houttuyn, 1782) and Orange-Spotted Grouper (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Epinephelus coioides&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Hamilton, 1822)

Akbary, Paria

doi:10.4236/abc.2014.46046

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Oral administration of IONPs induced marked increase of direct bilirubin and globulin levels of samples administered with medium as well as high dose whereas SGPT levels show significant differences only in high dose. No significant differences were observed in renal function test (Table 2) [14].…”

Section: Biochemical Examinationmentioning

confidence: 85%

Green Synthesis to Develop Iron-Nano Formulations and Its Toxicity Assays

et al. 2020

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In the past few years, herbal medicines have gained popularity over synthetic drugs because of their natural source and minimal side effects which has led to a tremendous growth of phytopharmaceuticals usage. With the development of nanotechnology, it provides alternative approaches to overcome several limitations using nano-formulations. In spite of considerable quantity of antianemic preparations with different iron forms available, currently additives are used and represented in modern pharmaceutical market. Iron deficiency anemia is a major global public health problem which particularly affects pregnant women, children and elderly persons. The situation is complicated because of disadvantages and drug side effects from existing antianemic medicines. There is a great demand for the development of new antianemic preparations. Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles, possess high potential in this field. Methods: Our study focuses on developing green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) of 10-50 nm with spherical shape where different dosages were used-1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg for exposure in Wistar albino female rats for 28 days. The toxicity was assessed using various parameters such as measurements of the rat body and organ mass, hematology, biochemical evaluation and histopathological examinations. Results: No significant differences were observed in body and organ weights. Hematological indices also indicated no significant differences whereas biochemical factors showed increase in levels of direct bilirubin and globulin of medium as well as high dose and SGPT levels were increased only in high dose. The major organs (heart, kidney and liver) showed histopathological alterations in 10 and 100 mg/kg whereas brain showed only in 100 mg/kg. Conclusion: The toxicity of IONPs was found to be more significant when the concentration was increased; however, low doses can be used for further investigation as an antianemic preparation.

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Section: Biochemical Examinationmentioning

confidence: 85%

Green Synthesis to Develop Iron-Nano Formulations and Its Toxicity Assays

et al. 2020

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“…Standard reference intervals have been established for some fish species, such as gilthead sea bream, European sea bass, dojo loach, Amur sturgeon and skipjack, yellowfin and bluefin tuna (Svoboda et al 2001;De Pedro et al 2005;Coz-Rakovac et al 2005;Knowles et al 2006;Tavares-Dias and Moraes 2007;Zhou et al 2009;Cao and Wang 2010;Di Marco et al 2011;Peres et al 2013). A scarce number of studies on haematological and biochemical parameters were conducted in sparid fish species, including gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) (Yildiz 2009;Peres et al 2013;Fazio et al 2013) common dentex (Dentex dentex) (Yildiz 2009), striped sea bream (Lithognathus mormyrus) (Yildiz 2009), saddled bream (Oblada melanura) (Ferri et al 2011), yellowfin sea bream (Acanthopagrus latus) (Karimi et al 2013;Akbari 2014) and black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli) (Chang et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference intervals for haematological and plasma biochemical parameters in sobaity sea bream juveniles (Sparidentex hasta, Valenciennes 1830)

Mozanzadeh

Yaghoubi²,

Yavari

et al. 2015

Comp Clin Pathol

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Sobaity sea bream (Sparidentex hasta) is distributed in the Western Indian Ocean, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. For monitoring health status in this species in an aquaculture condition, standard reference values for haematological and plasma biochemical parameters are indispensable. Heparinized blood samples were collected from 143 healthy sobaity sea bream juveniles raised in cylindrical polyethylene tanks with filtered running seawater. Haematologic reference intervals were as follows: red blood cell (RBC) count 1.67-2.2× 10 6 μL −1 , total white blood cell (WBC) count 8.8-14.5× 10 3 μL −1 , lymphocytes 85-96 %, neutrophils 2-6 %, haemoglobin 28-60 g L −1 , haematocrit (Hct) 24.5-33.8 %, mean cell volume (MCV) 126.3-191.7 fL, mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) 14.4-26.5 pg, mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 92-180 g L −1 , erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 1.5-5 mm h −1 and RBC/WBC ratio 119.2-207.5. Plasma chemistry reference intervals were as follows: total protein 3.2-3.9 g dL −1 , albumin 0.3-0.58 g dL −1 , globulin 2.7-3.4 g dL −1 , alkaline phosphatase 444-866 U L −1 , alanine aminotransferase 239-506.5 U L −1 , lipase 95.5-120 U L −1 , amylase 4-8 U L −1 , sodium 173-211 mmol L −1 , chloride 103-136.5 mmol L −1 , potassium 2.7-4.4 mmol L −1 , calcium 2.6-3.1 mmol L −1 , inorganic phosphorus 2.9-5.3 mmol L −1 , osmolality 430-503 mOsm kg −1 , glucose 6.16-7.88 mmol L −1 , cholesterol 4.07-7.7 mmol L −1 , triglyceride 2.22-3.91 mmol L −1 , high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 1.36-2.44 mmol L −1 , low-density lipoprotein (LDL) 0.84-1.19 mmol L −1 and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) 0.27-0.78 mmol L −1 . Values reported here will be useful for evaluating the health status, interpretation and better understanding of various disease signs in sobaity sea bream juveniles.

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“…Most often, for this purpose, cortisol level in blood is analyzed, but also the diagnostics uses parameters of total protein, astrocyte-specific protein S100b, glucose, activity of aminotransaminase and end-products of metabolism. Diagnostics of fish according to electrolyte balance is extremely rarely conducted: even if studies report the level of natremia, it is considered in a set with other parameters, without consideration of its significance for the organism (Selik, 2004;Akbary, 2014;Martemyanov, 2014). The most intensive research on the influence of stressors on the ion parameters of fish were performed in 1970-1980s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level of natremia as an index of the condition of the organism of animals under stress

Zaprudnova

2021

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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In the diagnosis of stressful conditions in humans and other animals, ionic indicators remain practically unused. In this work, we studied the changes in the concentrations of sodium ions in the blood plasma of freshwater fish under stress caused by stressors of different quality and quantity. Most of the experiments were carried out on adult bream (Abramis brama L) from the Rybinsk Reservoir. Separate experiments were duplicated on adult individuals of roach (Rutilus rutilus L.), pike (Esox lucius L.), and blue bream (Abramis ballerus L.). The concentration of cations in the blood plasma was determined using a Flapho-4 flame photometer. Under the action of mild and short-term stressors of different qualities, the sodium concentration in the internal environment altered toward an increase in concentration gradients on the cell membrane (eustress or physiological stress). Hypernatremia was approximately 10%. Under the action of strong and/or prolonged stressors of different strength, the sodium concentration in the internal environment changed toward a decrease in concentration gradients on the cell membrane (distress or pathological stress). Hyponatremia was 50% in the conditions of acute lethal stress, 20% in subacute lethal stress, 10% or more in chronic lethal stress. During strong acute reversible stress, hyponatremia could reach 30%. Analysis of the material on mammals allowed us to conclude that the adaptation mechanisms in fish and higher vertebrates are similar. In this work, for the first time, the state of the system of electrolyte balance of animals under stress was analyzed from the standpoint of the leading role of ionic concentration gradients on the cell membrane (mainly sodium) in the energetics (level of disequilibrium) of the organism. We propose a concept that in normal and extreme conditions fish use two different defense reactions (or adaptation strategies): active and passive, consisting, respectively, in increasing or decreasing the level of disequilibrium (energy) in the organism. The hyponatremia recorded by numerous authors, which accompanies diseases in humans, is evidently a nonspecific reaction of the organism and serves as an indicator of reduced energy of the organism. It is suggested that the sodium level in the internal environment of the organism be used for diagnosing the stress state of animals.

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Consideration of Blood Serum Biochemical Parameters of Yellow Fin Sea Bream (<i>Acantopagrus latus</i> Houttuyn, 1782) and Orange-Spotted Grouper (<i>Epinephelus coioides</i> Hamilton, 1822)

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Green Synthesis to Develop Iron-Nano Formulations and Its Toxicity Assays

Green Synthesis to Develop Iron-Nano Formulations and Its Toxicity Assays

Reference intervals for haematological and plasma biochemical parameters in sobaity sea bream juveniles (Sparidentex hasta, Valenciennes 1830)

Level of natremia as an index of the condition of the organism of animals under stress

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