Considerations for contractile electroactive materials and actuators

Rasmussen, Lenore; Meixler, Lewis D.; Gentile, C.

doi:10.1117/12.880199

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Films of conducting polymers [11][12][13][14], carbon nanotubes [15][16][17], graphenes [18][19][20] and other electroactive materials, when used as electrodes in aqueous electrolytes, exchange ions and water during electrochemical reactions for charge and osmotic balance. Focusing on conducting polymers the reaction drives conformational movements of the constitutive polymeric chains: every chain becomes an electrochemicaldriven molecular motor [21,22]. Their cooperative actuation in films of conducting polymers generates or destroys inside the film the free volume required to lodge or expel counterions and solvent: the film expands/contracts in a reversible way under faradaic control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical sensors from the cooperative actuation of multistep electrochemical molecular machines of polypyrrole: potentiostatic study. Trying to replicate muscle’s fatigue signals

Beaumont

Otero

2018

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Polypyrrole film electrodes are constituted by multielectronic electrochemical molecular machines (every polymeric molecule) counterions and water, mimicking the intracellular matrix of muscular cells. The influence of the electrolyte concentration on the reversible oxidation/reduction of polypyrrole films was studied in NaCl aqueous solutions by consecutive square potential waves. The consumed redox charge and the consumed electrical energy change as a function of the concentration. That means that the extension (the consumed charge) of the reaction involving conformational, or allosteric, movements of the reacting polymeric chains (molecular machines) responds to (senses) the chemical energy of the reaction ambient. A theoretical description of the attained empirical results is presented getting the sensing equations and the concomitant sensitivities. Those results could indicate the origin and nature of the neural signals sent to the brain from biological haptic muscles working by cooperative actuation of the actin-myosin molecular machines driven by chemical reactions and sensing, simultaneously, the fatigue state of the muscle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical sensors from the cooperative actuation of multistep electrochemical molecular machines of polypyrrole: potentiostatic study. Trying to replicate muscle’s fatigue signals

Beaumont

Otero

2018

Smart Mater. Struct.

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“…Characterization of Synthetic Muscle™ as dual use pressure sensors was initiated. This is a continuation Ras Labs' dynamic prosthetic pad project, which demonstrated how the volume of the EAP can be changed from applying a low voltage and operating temperatures for use in adjustable prosthetic liners and sockets [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjustable Liners and Sockets for Prosthetic Devices

Rasmussen¹,

Rodriguez²,

Bowers³

et al. 2018

Can. Prosthet. Orthot. J.

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INTRODUCTION Ras Labs’ Synthetic Muscle™ will allow amputees to continue their active lives without needing to adjust the fitting of their prosthetic device(s) throughout the day. This technology promises to resolve major issues facing amputees, most notably the pain of prosthetic slippage and tissue breakdown. Synthetic Muscle™, comprising electroactive polymers (EAPs), actively expand or contract at low voltages, while offering impact resistance and pressure sensing, all in one integrated solution. The main objectives of this project is to determine the feasibility of the EAP pads incorporated into prosthetic liners or sockets and to create prototypes of these EAP based shape-morphing pad systems. In collaboration with UPI, testing of these EAP based pads located in strategic areas of the socket was initiated with customers (BK and AK) for evaluation and feedback. Characterization of Synthetic Muscle™ as dual use pressure sensors was initiated. This is a continuation Ras Labs’ dynamic prosthetic pad project, which demonstrated how the volume of the EAP can be changed from applying a low voltage and operating temperatures for use in adjustable prosthetic liners and sockets 1-8. Abstract PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32048/24462 How to cite: Rasmussen L, Rodriguez S, Bowers M, Smith D, Martino G, Rizzo L, Scheiber C, d’Almeida J, Dillis C. Adjustable Liners and Sockets for Prosthetic Devices. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS & ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018; ABSTRACT, POSTER PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i2.32048 Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the American Orthotic Prosthetic Association (AOPA) 101st National Assembly Scientific Committee. http://www.aopanet.org/

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Theory of Ionic Electroactive Polymers Capable of Contraction and Expansion–Contraction Cycles

Rasmussen

2012

Electroactivity in Polymeric Materials

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Considerations for contractile electroactive materials and actuators

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Chemical sensors from the cooperative actuation of multistep electrochemical molecular machines of polypyrrole: potentiostatic study. Trying to replicate muscle’s fatigue signals

Chemical sensors from the cooperative actuation of multistep electrochemical molecular machines of polypyrrole: potentiostatic study. Trying to replicate muscle’s fatigue signals

Adjustable Liners and Sockets for Prosthetic Devices

Theory of Ionic Electroactive Polymers Capable of Contraction and Expansion–Contraction Cycles

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