Considerations in measuring cartilage thickness using MRI: factors influencing reproducibility and accuracy

Koo, Seungbum; Gold, Garry E.; Andriacchi, Thomas P.

doi:10.1016/j.joca.2005.04.013

Cited by 178 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…4). Medial and lateral condylar contact locations were computed as the geometric centroid of the region having <6 mm separation, which acknowledges uncertainty about cartilage thickness, 8,9 cartilage deformation, and measurement errors. The choice of separation threshold had a negligible effect on centroid location for thresholds above 3 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic activity dependence of in vivo normal knee kinematics

Morooka

Hamai

Miura

et al. 2007

Journal Orthopaedic Research

173

144

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Dynamic knee kinematics were analyzed for normal knees in three activities, including two different types of maximum knee flexion. Continuous X-ray images of kneel, squat, and stair climb motions were taken using a large flat panel detector. CT-derived bone models were used for model registration-based 3D kinematic measurement. Three-dimensional joint kinematics and contact locations were determined using three methods: bone-fixed coordinate systems, interrogation of CT-based bone model surfaces, and interrogation of MR-based articular cartilage model surfaces. The femur exhibited gradual external rotation throughout the flexion range. Tibiofemoral contact exhibited external rotation, with contact locations translating posterior while maintaining 158 to 208 external rotation from 208 to 808 of flexion. From 808 to maximum flexion, contact locations showed a medial pivot pattern. Kinematics based on bone-fixed coordinate systems differed from kinematics based on interrogation of CT and MR surfaces. Knee kinematics varied significantly by activity, especially in deep flexion. No posterior subluxation occurred for either femoral condyle in maximum knee flexion. Normal knees accommodate a range of motions during various activities while maintaining geometric joint congruency. ß

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic activity dependence of in vivo normal knee kinematics

Morooka

Hamai

Miura

et al. 2007

Journal Orthopaedic Research

173

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…With use of three-dimensional cartilage models ( Fig. 1) segmented from magnetic resonance images 8 of healthy knees, researchers have identified several common features of articular cartilage thickness variation 3,9 . The cartilage of the tibial and femoral condyles is thicker in the posterior weight-bearing regions of the lateral compartment, which are the areas that are in contact during walking.…”

Section: Cartilage Morphology and Walking Mechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait Mechanics Influence Healthy Cartilage Morphology and Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Andriacchi

Koo

Scanlan

2009

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

407

366

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The response of healthy and diseased cartilage of the knee to the mechanics of walking is examined, with the goal of providing insight into the relationship between the kinematics and kinetics of the knee during walking and the maintenance of cartilage health. The combination of information from three-dimensional thickness models of cartilage derived from magnetic resonance imaging and the analysis of the interaction between load at the knee and kinematic changes during walking associated with loss of the anterior cruciate ligament demonstrated the importance of considering walking mechanics as an important factor in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis. In particular, this material suggests that knee cartilage becomes conditioned to loading and to the large number of repetitive cycles of loading that occur during walking and that healthy cartilage homeostasis is maintained as long as there are no changes to the normal patterns of locomotion, the structure of the knee joint, or cartilage biology. Thus, there is the potential for a degenerative pathway to be initiated when a condition such as anterior cruciate ligament injury causes the repetitive loading during walking to shift to a new location. The sensitivity of cartilage to the kinematic changes is illustrated with the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee and the regional variations in cartilage morphology. The material presented here supports the conclusion that individual variations in the range of loading and kinematics at the knee during walking can have a profound influence on the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis of the knee.

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“…In order to track local/regional thickness changes over time, techniques for displaying regional thickness patterns have been developed (91,94,100,(113)(114)(115). These techniques have also been applied to the detection of cartilage lesions, but only a limited number of thickness intervals can be displayed with a limited number of color codes or gray levels.…”

Section: Image Analysis Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative MRI of cartilage and bone: degenerative changes in osteoarthritis

2006

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and quantitative image analysis technology has recently started to generate a great wealth of quantitative information on articular cartilage and bone physiology, pathophysiology and degenerative changes in osteoarthritis. This paper reviews semiquantitative scoring of changes of articular tissues (e.g. WORMS ¼ whole-organ MRI scoring or KOSS ¼ knee osteoarthritis scoring system), quantification of cartilage morphology (e.g. volume and thickness), quantitative measurements of cartilage composition (e.g. T 2 , T 1rho , T 1Gd ¼ dGEMRIC index) and quantitative measurement of bone structure (e.g. app. BV/TV, app. TbTh, app. Tb.N, app. Tb.Sp) in osteoarthritis. For each of these fields we describe the hardware and MRI sequences available, the image analysis systems and techniques used to derive semiquantitative and quantitative parameters, the technical accuracy and precision of the measurements reported to date and current results from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in osteoarthritis. Moreover, the paper summarizes studies that have compared MRI-based measurements with radiography and discusses future perspectives of quantitative MRI in osteoarthritis. In summary, the above methodologies show great promise for elucidating the pathophysiology of various tissues and identifying risk factors of osteoarthritis, for developing structure modifying drugs (DMOADs) and for combating osteoarthritis with new and better therapy. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.KEYWORDS: osteoarthritis; joint; cartilage; bone; magnetic resonance imaging; knee; image analysis; disease-modifying drugs RATIONALE FOR QUANTITATIVE MRI OF CARTILAGE AND BONE IN OSTEOARTHRITISThe health and integrity of diarthrodial (synovial) joints are prerequisites for pain-free movement and have a major impact on the quality of life. However, the population of individuals above the age of 65 years is rapidly growing and 70% of the women and 60% of the men aged 65 years or older suffer from degenerative joint disease [¼ osteoarthritis (OA)] (1-7). OA has been defined by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) as a 'heterogeneous group of conditions that leads to joint symptoms and signs which are associated with defective integrity of articular cartilage, in addition to related changes in the underlying bone at the joint margins'. It remains an open question whether the initial changes take place in cartilage or bone or other articular tissues and, more importantly, what the causal relationship between these changes is (5-19). Also, within each NMR IN BIOMEDICINE NMR Biomed. 2006; 19: 822-854 Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI:10.1002/nbm.1063 narrowing; JSW, joint space width; K, knee; KLG, Kellgren Lawrence grade; KOSS, knee osteoarthritis scoring system; LF, lateral femoral condyle; LT, lateral tibia; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MF, medial femoral condyle; MT, medial tibia; OA, osteoarthritis; OAI, Osteoarthritis Initiative; P, patella; PGs, proteoglycans;...

show abstract

Considerations in measuring cartilage thickness using MRI: factors influencing reproducibility and accuracy

Cited by 178 publications

References 20 publications

Dynamic activity dependence of in vivo normal knee kinematics

Dynamic activity dependence of in vivo normal knee kinematics

Gait Mechanics Influence Healthy Cartilage Morphology and Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Quantitative MRI of cartilage and bone: degenerative changes in osteoarthritis

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