Considerations on compensation of beam-beam effects in the Tevatron with electron beams

Abstract

The beam-beam interaction in the Tevatron collider sets limits on bunch intensity and luminosity. These limits are caused by a tune spread in each bunch which is mostly due to head-on collisions, but there is also a bunch-to-bunch tune spread due to parasitic collisions in multibunch operation. We propose to compensate these effects with the use of a countertraveling electron beam, and we present general considerations and physics limitations of this technique.

Analytical study and tracking simulations of the beam-beam compensation at Tevatron

“…Our numerical simulations are in good agreement with these equations, which set strong requirements on the electron beam stability (see, estimates in [8]). So, we got an emittance growth by a factor of 2.2 during 1 min of the beam time with δJ/J = 5 · 10 −3 , while (3) gives the factor of 1.8.…”

Long-range beam-beam experiments in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

“…The compensation of long-range effects in the Tevatron was proposed with electron lenses [34], and in the LHC with wires [35]. Electron lenses were also considered for the LHC [36], and the use of wires was also studied for the Tevatron [37].…”

Electron Beam Generation in Tevatron Electron Lenses

“…Electromagnetic long-range and head-on interactions of high intensity proton and antiproton beams have been significant sources of beam loss and lifetime limitations [1]. One of the possibilities to mitigate these effects is to employ so called "electron lenses" as proposed in [2]. In such a scheme, beam of negatively charged low-energy electrons collides with negatively charged high-energy antiprotons and, thus, acting as a defocusing lens (as electrons repel antiprotons) which compensates focusing effects due to collision with highcurrent proton beam at the main interaction points.…”