Considering a COVID-19 vaccine mandate for pediatric kidney transplant candidates

Wightman, Aaron; Goldberg, Aviva; Diekema, Douglas S.

doi:10.1007/s00467-022-05511-7

Cited by 8 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The other articles discussed the consequences of COVID-19 vaccine refusal and methods to be followed to implement the vaccine mandate. In [ 3 , 10 , 17 ], the authors discussed COVID-19 vaccine mandates in organ transplantation, organ stewardship, and pros and cons of COVID-19 vaccine mandates for transplantation candidates. In [ 7 , 14 ], the authors spoke out against COVID-19 vaccine mandates, citing unknown side effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first case of COVID-19 was reported in late December 2019 [ 1 ] in Wuhan, China [ 2 ]. Soon after, it became a global pandemic with 290,000,000 confirmed cases and 5,446,753 deaths over the past two years all over the world [ 3 ]. Many countries commenced developing vaccine soon after the pandemic [ 4 ] with the aim of preventing infection-associated morbidity and mortality [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a vaccine to be developed and made available, it would normally require a minimum duration of at least 12–18 months. However, considering the severity of the situation and the necessity to decrease the risk of COVID-19 transmission and death [ 3 , 4 ], the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted emergency use authorization for treatment with the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines [ 6 ]. Most countries have promoted a vaccination drive and some have mandated adult vaccination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethical Challenges Involved in COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates for Children: A Systematic Review

Alahmad

2023

Vaccines

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The new COVID-19 pandemic has affected day-to-day life, creating various ethical dilemmas. COVID-19 vaccination is seen as an effective way to halt the pandemic. Ethical challenges can arise when the vaccines are mandated for all ages, but more so when mandated for children. This systematic review discusses the pros and cons of the COVID-19 vaccine mandate for children. The primary objective of this study is to summarize exclusively the various ethical conflicts, impacts, and requirements that arise as a result of the COVID-19 vaccine mandate laws on children. The secondary objective is to analyze the reasons for parents refusing to allow their children to be given the COVID-19 vaccine sand the effective strategies to increase vaccine uptake among children. The study involved a systematic review, identification of relevant literature and reviews following the PRISMA-ScR recommendations. The keywords ‘COVID-19 vaccine mandates on children’ were used to mine the literature from PubMed and WHO COVID-19 Research Database. Limitations placed on the original searches were: English language, humans, ethics, and children. Out of 529 studies, only 13 satisfied the selection criteria. The sample included studies with a wide, diverse range of methods, settings, research, authors, and journals. COVID-19 vaccine mandates on children need to be scrutinized. Implementing the COVID-19 vaccination drive in a scientific way is acceptable. As children are the fastest-growing population and have the highest life expectancy, it is important to take into account that the vaccines do not disturb their growth and development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethical Challenges Involved in COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates for Children: A Systematic Review

Alahmad

2023

Vaccines

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“…Recently, subacute thyroiditis following COVID-19 vaccination has been documented as well. Neck pain, fever, and other symptoms of thyrotoxicosis are common in subacute thyroiditis (Wightman et al, 2022) LIVER INJURY: Although, there are about 0.6% of patients with liver dysfunction received Pfizer and Moderna vaccines, data for them are very sparse. In contrast, the data showed the aberrant liver biochemistry was observed in just one of the 12021 participants who received ChAdOx1-nCoV-19.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Vaccines Side Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines from A to Z: A Review of the current challenges

2023

Global NEST: The International Journal

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<p>COVID-19 pandemic is a major worldwide health disaster firstly reported in December 2019. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has offered the public hope of halting it, authorizing vaccinations for emergency use with more than 85% efficacy against serious acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). Recent outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 variations including spike-protein mutations, the key vaccines viral target for immune response, have prompted a thorough investigation into the vaccine's long-term effectiveness. Consequently, this review assayed the details on SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanism and how to control the infection by different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and their effectiveness against other mutant strains. Additionally, the review summarized the different complaints which have been recorded after vaccination. In conclusion, these negative effects must be constantly weighed against the predicted advantages in terms of disease prevention. Although COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for everyone aged 5 years and older, SARS-CoV-2 is high likely to continue to be a pandemic infectious as a result of the broadcasting of variants of the virus. Therefore, a booster vaccination, wearing a mask, and social distancing should be maintained.</p>

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“…Conservative (high aversion to risk) transplant hospitals might honor the refusing teen's wish, yet still place the child on the transplant waiting list in an effort to potentially prevent death. Indeed, Wightman et al 28 have argued it is likely that the risks of morbidity or mortality from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection for an unvaccinated pediatric transplant recipient are lower compared to unvaccinated adult recipients, but this is a broad, generalized statement that does not reflect on the evolving nature of the virus and the potential for its variants to effect cohorts differently. Also, COVID‐19 vaccination is a measure to prevent burdensome long‐COVID in immunocompromised transplant patients who are exposed to the immunomodulatory capacity of SARV‐CoV‐2 29,30 …”

Section: Dilemma C: Mature Minor Refuses Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the ethical complexity of pediatric organ transplant candidates and COVID‐19 vaccination: Tensions between autonomy and beneficence, children and parents

Carrion¹,

Bramstedt

2022

Pediatric Transplantation

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In January 2022, a Cyprus toddler was refused a life-saving heart transplant due to the fact that his parents were refusing COVID-19 vaccination (in the setting of requirements for legal guardians to be present and vaccinated as a condition of their child's surgery). 1 Because Cyprus lacked a pediatric heart transplant program, the child was referred to hospitals in three other countries but all refused. The dilemma was eventually solved by a Greek hospital agreeing to place the child on their heart transplant waiting list; however, this case presents many dilemmas and tensions between autonomy and beneficence in the setting of the pediatric transplant journey and COVID-19. In 2020, in USA, 1766 children received life-saving solid organ transplants, matched from 860 pediatric organ donors. 2 Currently, there are 1900 children on the USA transplant waiting list. More than 500 children waiting for a donor organ are between 1 and 5 years old. 3 Children awaiting heart transplantation experience the single highest waiting list mortality compared with all other age groups and all other solid organs. In USA, a 6-year period study found 17% (533) of children with severe heart failure died, while on the heart transplant waiting list, 63% (1943) received a transplant, 8% (252) were removed from the waiting list due to recovery, and 370 (12%) remained alive on the waiting list at the time the study had finished. 4 POT is one of the most common therapies in the

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Considering a COVID-19 vaccine mandate for pediatric kidney transplant candidates

Cited by 8 publications

References 76 publications

Ethical Challenges Involved in COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates for Children: A Systematic Review

Ethical Challenges Involved in COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates for Children: A Systematic Review

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines from A to Z: A Review of the current challenges

Exploring the ethical complexity of pediatric organ transplant candidates and COVID‐19 vaccination: Tensions between autonomy and beneficence, children and parents

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