“…Considering the lack of research on religious identity, generally (Bell, 2008;Fulton, 1997, Peek, 2005, and religious identity development, speci cally (de Bruin-Wassinkmaat et al, 2019;Maclean and Riebschleger, 2021), the aim of this study is to understand the process of religious identity development from both a re ective and an expressive viewpoint (Lichtwarck-Aschoff, Van Geert, Bosma, and Kunnen, 2008). The population researched was strictly religious students in religious prearmy gap year programs who were at the start of adulthood before they changed their life conditions, leaving their protective religious environment for the nonreligious environment of army service.…”