Consistent Condom Use with Paying and Nonpaying Partners among Female Sex Workers in Iran: Findings of a National Biobehavioral Survey

Karamouzian, Mohammad; Sadeghirad, Behnam; Sharifi, Hamid; Sedaghat, Abbas; Haghdoost, Ali Akbar; Mirzazadeh, Ali

doi:10.1177/2325957417732834

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Compared with STI prevalence among the general female population in Iran,26 27 FSWs have a higher STIs prevalence due to unsafe sex with multiple partners. We found almost no improvement in safe sex practices among FSWs from the 2010 to the 2015 surveys 3 9. Several individual and structural barriers to consistent use of condoms among FSWs in Iran have been reported 3 28.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…We found almost no improvement in safe sex practices among FSWs from the 2010 to the 2015 surveys 3 9. Several individual and structural barriers to consistent use of condoms among FSWs in Iran have been reported 3 28. Innovative interventions that address these barriers and reach underserved FSWs are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Another review in 2015 suggested HIV prevalence among FSWs to vary widely from 0.3% in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) to 29.3% in Sub-Saharan Africa 2. Such high HIV infection rates among FSWs could be attributed mainly to high-risk sexual practices such as condomless sex,3 high number of paying and non-paying sexual partners, and unsafe drug injection 4–6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Declining trends in HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Iran could be attributable to reduced drug injection: a cross-sectional study

Mirzazadeh¹,

Shokoohi

Karamouzian

et al. 2019

Sex Transm Infect

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveThe HIV trend among female sex workers (FSWs) is understudied. We assessed the prevalence and trend of HIV and five other STIs among FSWs in Iran.MethodsWe recruited FSWs (1337 in 2015, 1005 in 2010) from 21 sites in 13 cities in two cross-sectional biobehavioural surveys. Eligible FSWs were women aged ≥18 years who reported selling sex to more than one male client in the past 12 months. Consenting FSWs were interviewed using a behavioural questionnaire and tested for HIV and five other STIs. We considered study sites as clusters in the analysis and two-sided Fisher’s exact test to compare the HIV prevalence between the two survey rounds.ResultsHIV prevalence was 2.1% in 2015 (vs 4.0% in 2010, p=0.007). Lifetime drug injection was reported by 6.1% of participants in 2015 (vs 14.6% in 2010, p=0.003). In 2015, among FSWs with history of lifetime drug injection, HIV prevalence was 8.6% (vs 9.8% in 2010, p=0.425). The prevalence of other STIs in 2015 was 0.4% (95% CI 0.2 to 1.0) for syphilis, 1.3% (95% CI 0.8 to 2.1) for gonorrhoea, 6.0% (95% CI 4.8 to 7.4) for chlamydia, 11.9% (95% CI 8.5 to 16.5) for trichomoniasis and 41.8% (95% CI 39.2 to 44.5) for human papillomavirus.ConclusionsHIV prevalence among FSWs in Iran decreased, but remains considerably high. The decrease in HIV prevalence compared with 2010 might be explained by a decrease in drug injection. Other STIs are also high in this population. Harm reduction programmes need to be continued and scaled up among this underserved population in Iran.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Declining trends in HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Iran could be attributable to reduced drug injection: a cross-sectional study

Mirzazadeh¹,

Shokoohi

Karamouzian

et al. 2019

Sex Transm Infect

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consistent condom use during paid sex is essential for reducing sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV/AIDS [1,2]. HIV/AIDS has been one of the greatest contributors to the global mortality rate [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, research on condom use among men has mainly been conducted in Asian countries such as Cambodia [ 19 ], China [ 20 , 21 ], India [ 22 – 24 ], Singapore [ 25 ], Indonesia [ 26 ], with a few focusing on Middle East [ 1 ] and Africa [ 27 , 28 ]. Generally, such studies have revealed the predictors of consistent condom use among homosexual males [ 19 , 27 , 29 ], young dating adults [ 30 ], and men who patronize paid sex [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistent condom use among men who pay for sex in sub-Saharan Africa: Empirical evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Paying for sex has often been associated with risky sexual behavior among heterosexual men, and men who pay for sex are considered as a bridging population for sexually transmitted infections. Consistent condom use during paid sex is essential for reducing sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS. In this study, we assessed the prevalence and predictors of consistent condom use among men who pay for sex in sub-Saharan Africa. Materials and methods We pooled data from 29 sub-Saharan African countries' Demographic and Health Surveys. A total of 3,353 men in sub-Saharan Africa who had paid for sex in the last 12 months preceding the surveys and had complete information on all the variables of interest were used in this study. The outcome variable for the study was consistent condom use for every paid sex in the last 12 months. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out. Results were presented as adjusted odds ratios with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was declared at p< 0.05.

show abstract

Condom Use by Female Sex Workers: A Nationwide Survey in Iran

Amirzadeh

Mirzaee

Sharifi

et al. 2020

Sexuality & Culture

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Condom use has been known as the most effective method of preventing sexually transmitted diseases. The purpose of the present study was to find the factors affecting the use of condoms by female sex workers in Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 872 female sex workers in Iran in 2010. The criterion of admission to the study included having sexual relationships over the last week based on which 437 women were selected. The weighted negative binomial hurdle model, and Stata14 were used to analyze the data. Generally, 34.93% of the female sex workers did not use condoms over the last 7 days. According to the results, the increase in the education level and not being single increased the odds and the rate number of using condoms concerning the number of sexual relationships of the sex workers. Besides, the increase in age and having a non-paying sexual partner in return for the sexual relationship decreased the odds of using condoms by female sex workers. Finally, the female sex workers who were tested for HIV and the ones knowing the centers distributing free condoms were more likely to use the condom. The illiterate and married female sex workers are considered as the high-risk groups in the community. Therefore, it is of great importance to plan to form the educational interventions connected with the high-risk sexual relationships.

show abstract

Consistent Condom Use with Paying and Nonpaying Partners among Female Sex Workers in Iran: Findings of a National Biobehavioral Survey

Abstract: Our findings indicated the urgent need for scaling up condom promotion interventions catered toward FSWs and their sex partners to practice safe sex consistently.

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Declining trends in HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Iran could be attributable to reduced drug injection: a cross-sectional study

Declining trends in HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Iran could be attributable to reduced drug injection: a cross-sectional study

Consistent condom use among men who pay for sex in sub-Saharan Africa: Empirical evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys

Condom Use by Female Sex Workers: A Nationwide Survey in Iran

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About