2001
DOI: 10.1177/0022343301038003004
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Consociational and Civic Society Approaches to Peacebuilding in Northern Ireland

Abstract: A number of consociational power-sharing initiatives are compared to explore some of the reasons why the elite conflict regulation model has not settled the Northern Ireland conflict. In the period 1972-85, four attempts by the British government to formulate and implement a power-sharing government within Northern Ireland failed as a result of the recalcitrance of one or other of the mainstream political parties. The 1985 Anglo-Irish Agreement (AIA) ended the Unionist veto and included the Irish government in… Show more

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Cited by 62 publications
(41 citation statements)
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“…When competition arises with the out-group, conflict can reinforce group loyalty that can produce a positive social identity (Byrne, 2001;Coser, 1956;Polkinghorn, 1998). Positively evaluating one's own group by making comparisons with neighboring groups may result in in-group discrimination, cycles of hostility, and intergroup conflict and violence (Tajfel & Turner, 1979, pp.…”
Section: Social Identity and Social Categorizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When competition arises with the out-group, conflict can reinforce group loyalty that can produce a positive social identity (Byrne, 2001;Coser, 1956;Polkinghorn, 1998). Positively evaluating one's own group by making comparisons with neighboring groups may result in in-group discrimination, cycles of hostility, and intergroup conflict and violence (Tajfel & Turner, 1979, pp.…”
Section: Social Identity and Social Categorizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the other hand, recent research findings from Israel/Palestine, Northern Ireland (e.g., Byrne 2001) and Danesh (2009) suggest otherwise: PE programs appear to be effective. Abelson's (1988) distinction between stubborn, centrally held convictions and more regular attitudes and beliefs seems to have come to our rescue: Possibly, the barriers may pertain to convictions whereas less strongly held attitudes and beliefs may pertain to the studies' results.…”
Section: The Long-term Impact Of the Pe Programmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…This in itself underlines the concerns of Kaufman (Kaufman, 2006) around the enduring emotional and symbolic roots of ethnic conflict and the need for political processes to reward moderation and reconciliation as transitions unfold. Given that NI is so often used as a model of 'peacebuilding', conflict resolution with the outcome of devolved democracy, this is particularly concerning (Byrne, 2001). Indeed, the Belfast case illustrates that our lens of analysis in relation to post-conflict environments must move beyond that of political actors and governance processes to a focus on the empirical reality of how such processes act in practice and the challenges and paradoxes that fill the lived reality of conflict prevention, management and resolution at a local government level.…”
Section: "One Of the Issues Within The Unionist Community Is How It Amentioning
confidence: 99%