Consolidation-driven wrinkling in carbon/epoxy woven fabric prepregs: An experimental and numerical study

Rashidi, Armin; Belnoue, Jonathan P.-H.; Thompson, Adam J.; Hallett, Stephen R.; Milani, Abbas S.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106298

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…6,7 Stacked UD prepregs are then conformed into the mold surface by the silicon diaphragm pulled by the vacuum. In HDF process, wrinkles are one of the most common defects 8,9 and are most likely to occur in the forming of doubly curved part or L shape part with large number of stacking plies, as shown in Figure 1. 10,11 Wrinkles not only affect the shape accuracy but also the strength of final composite part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental characterization and numerical modelling of bending behavior of carbon fiber unidirectional thermoset prepregs

Zhao

Zhang

Cheng

et al. 2023

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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To enhance the prediction accuracy of forming simulations of carbon fiber unidirectional (UD) thermoset prepregs, particularly the wrinkle predictions, bending behavior of UD prepregs in the forming process needs to be accurately characterized and modelled. In this paper, an improved bending test system was proposed to characterize the bending behavior of UD prepregs at different forming temperatures and loading rates. It is found that both the temperature and the loading rate have significant impact on the bending stiffness of UD prepregs. An obvious nonlinear bending behavior can be noted in the fiber direction. The loading rate sensitivity of bending stiffness in the fiber direction decreases with temperature increasing. To simulate the bending deformation, a superimposed membrane-shell element model was employed to achieve the decoupling of tensile-bending deformation. Membrane element simulated the in-plane tensile and in-plane shear deformations of UD prepregs, while shell element primarily accounted for the bending deformation. Fiber orientation dependent nonlinear bending stiffness was accounted in the model. Deformation simulations were conducted for vertical cantilever bending, horizontal cantilever bending, and compression wrinkling of UD prepregs. Good agreement is noted between simulation and experiment, demonstrating efficiency of the model and validity of measured bending stiffness.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental characterization and numerical modelling of bending behavior of carbon fiber unidirectional thermoset prepregs

Zhao

Zhang

Cheng

et al. 2023

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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“…Kulkarni et al [8] and Hassan [3] summarised numerous sources of fibre waviness. Some were inherent in the laminated composite: the stacking sequence [9,10], the difference of thermal expansion coefficients between the fibres and the matrix [11], the critical limb length [12], the inter-ply shear stress or the through-thickness compaction [13,14]. Other works have focused on the wrinkling sources in relation with the interactions between the part and the mould: the difference of thermal expansion coefficients [15,16], the proportion of 0 • plies and the size of the corner radius of the mould [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis of the effects of wrinkles in the radius of curvature of L-shaped carbon-epoxy specimens on unfolding failure

Journoud

Castanié

Ratsifandrihana³

2022

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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“…Both of these types of associated shrinkage are already taken into account for thin material. 15,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] It was shown that the temperature field and thus the crystallization field are very sensitive to the thermal contact resistance (TCR). During the cooling in the consolidation process, deformation of the part, enhanced by thermal gradients, can create a contact loss between the surface of the part and the mold surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thick thermoplastic composite laminate consolidation: Experimental observations and numerical approaches

Denis

NGuyen

Lecointe

et al. 2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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Since the benefits of composite materials have been demonstrated, particularly those relevant to the fields of transports and energy, increasingly high industrial expectations are emerging. As the control of the processes is complex, the thickness of the composite materials does not usually exceed a few millimetres. The aim of the work presented in this paper is to highlight new phenomena related to the oven/autoclave consolidation of thicker thermoplastic composites. In the case of such thick composites, the influence of certain phenomena that are usually neglected becomes important and a physical interpretation becomes necessary (the thermal contact resistance between mold and part and the influence of mold geometry). Here, an experimental approach is compared with numerical simulations of heat transfer and crystallization in order to validate the proposed thermokinetics model. Finally, some numerical observations are discussed and analyzed.

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Consolidation-driven wrinkling in carbon/epoxy woven fabric prepregs: An experimental and numerical study

Cited by 23 publications

References 57 publications

Experimental characterization and numerical modelling of bending behavior of carbon fiber unidirectional thermoset prepregs

Experimental characterization and numerical modelling of bending behavior of carbon fiber unidirectional thermoset prepregs

Experimental analysis of the effects of wrinkles in the radius of curvature of L-shaped carbon-epoxy specimens on unfolding failure

Thick thermoplastic composite laminate consolidation: Experimental observations and numerical approaches

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