Consolidation of Tin Sulfide Chalcogels and Xerogels with and without Adsorbed Iodine

Abstract

Tin sulfide (Sn2S3) chalcogels are one of the most effective nonoxide aerogels evaluated to date for iodine gas capture. This is attributed to the fact that the Sn within the gel network has a strong affinity for chemisorption of iodine to form SnI4. This study demonstrates an approach for consolidating the raw and iodine-sorbed Sn2S3 chalcogels into a chalcogenide glass using GeS2 as a glass-forming additive. Adding GeS2 to iodine-sorbed or iodine-free Sn2S3 chalcogels provides better glass formation than Sn–S or Sn–S–I alone, and the quantity of iodine measured in the bulk glass of the consolidated iodine-sorbed Sn2S3 chalcogel was at ∼45 mass%. Additional experiments were conducted using microwave sintering and hot isostatic pressing with iodine-sorbed Sn2S3 xerogels to evaluate alternative consolidation techniques.

Environmental Remediation with Functional Aerogels and Xerogels

“…Two examples, which are shown in Figure are the synthesis of CoNiMo 2 S 4 and Sn 2 S 3 chalcogels described elsewhere. [ 6,55,68,69 ] For CoNiMo 2 S 4 , separate solutions of Ni(NO 3 ) 2 , CoCl 2 , and (NH 4 ) 2 MoS 4 are dissolved in formamide, combined and mixed, and then casted into polypropylene vials to undergo gelation. For Sn 2 S 3 chalcogel synthesis, Na 4 Sn 2 S 6 ·14H 2 O and Sn(II) acetate are separately dissolved in formamide, combined and mixed, and then cast to undergo gelation.…”

Modern Inorganic Aerogels

“…[40][41][42] Mechanistically,this method is comparable to the classical gel formation since the clusters used have am olecular size and form ap olymer-like network. [45][46][47][48][49] However,t aking stable colloidal solutions of metal chalcogenides and assembling them into macroscopic structures,d irectly opened an ew field of research. [45][46][47][48][49] However,t aking stable colloidal solutions of metal chalcogenides and assembling them into macroscopic structures,d irectly opened an ew field of research.…”

“…Chalcogels show very promising properties towards their use as catalysts, [43] in selective gas separation, [44] and for the removal of heavy metal ions and radioactive iodide from waste water, respectively. [45][46][47][48][49] However,t aking stable colloidal solutions of metal chalcogenides and assembling them into macroscopic structures,d irectly opened an ew field of research. Especially the unique optical properties of quantum dots are very interesting.…”

Moderne Anorganische Aerogele

“…[40][41][42] Mechanistisch gesehen kann diese Methode mit der klassischen Gelierung verglichen werden, da die verwendeten Cluster eine molekulare Grçße haben und ein polymerähnliches Netzwerk bilden. [45][46][47][48][49] Die Verwendung stabiler,k olloidaler Lçsungen von Metallchalkogeniden und deren Anordnung in makroskopische Strukturen erçffnete sofort einen neuen Forschungsbereich. [45][46][47][48][49] Die Verwendung stabiler,k olloidaler Lçsungen von Metallchalkogeniden und deren Anordnung in makroskopische Strukturen erçffnete sofort einen neuen Forschungsbereich.…”

“…Chalkogele zeigen sehr vielversprechende Eigenschaften füre ine Anwendung als Katalysator, [43] zur selektiven Gastrennung [44] und zur Entfernung von Schwermetallionen sowie radioaktivem Iodid aus wässrigem Abfall. [45][46][47][48][49] Die Verwendung stabiler,k olloidaler Lçsungen von Metallchalkogeniden und deren Anordnung in makroskopische Strukturen erçffnete sofort einen neuen Forschungsbereich. Vong roßem Interesse sind vor allem die einzigartigen optischen Eigenschaften der Quantenpunkte.…”