Conspecific alarm cues are a potential effective barrier to regulate foraging behavior of the sea urchin Mesocentrotus nudus

Chi, Xiaomei; Hu, Fangyuan; Qin, Chuanxin; Huang, Xiyuan; Sun, Jiangnan; Cui, Zhouping; Ding, Jingyun; Yang, Mingfang; Chang, Yaqing; Zhao, Chong

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105476

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Hence, we speculated that sea cucumbers cultured outside and without artificial reefs were more affected by diseased sea cucumbers, although their skins were not ulcerated. Chemosensory cues are important for a variety of fundamental behavioral processes [32,33]. Lobsters use chemical cues from diseased individuals to determine whether the shelter is safe, and healthy lobsters rarely share the shelters with diseased lobsters [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Artificial Reefs Reduce Morbidity and Mortality of Small Cultured Sea Cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus at High Temperature

Wang

et al. 2023

JMSE

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Summer mortality and morbidity are serious environment-related problems in cultured sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus). Air exposure probably worsens the impact of high temperature on cultured sea cucumbers. In this present study, two laboratory experiments were designed to investigate the effects of artificial reefs on mortality, morbidity, crawling, feeding, and adhesion behaviors of small sea cucumbers (~1 g of wet body weight) after air exposure and disease outbreaks at 25 °C, respectively. Significantly lower mortality and morbidity occurred in the group with artificial reefs compared with those in the group without artificial reefs in the two experiments. This present study found that the stressed sea cucumbers cultured inside artificial reefs showed a significantly higher adhesion index, feeding behavior, and crawling frequency than those cultured without artificial reefs. In disease challenge assays, small sea cucumbers cultured inside the artificial reefs showed a significantly higher adhesion index and crawling frequency than those cultured without artificial reefs at 25 °C. Feeding, crawling, and adhesion behaviors of sea cucumbers cultured outside artificial reefs were not significantly different from those cultured without artificial reefs. The experimental results indicate that sea cucumbers with good fitness-related behaviors may be less affected by the disease and more likely to move into the crevices of artificial reefs. Fitness-related behaviors were poor in sea cucumbers cultured outside artificial reefs, so we considered them as affected individuals. Thus, artificial reefs provide a place to reduce the physical contact between unaffected and diseased/affected individuals, showing a potential to reduce disease transmission. Our present study establishes a cost-effective approach to increasing the survival of small sea cucumbers in seed production at high temperatures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lobsters use chemical cues from diseased individuals to determine whether the shelter is safe, and healthy lobsters rarely share the shelters with diseased lobsters [34]. Diseased sea cucumbers emit certain chemical cues for warning [33,35]. Sea cucumbers show escaping behavior after receiving alarm cues from diseased individuals [35,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Reefs Reduce Morbidity and Mortality of Small Cultured Sea Cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus at High Temperature

Wang

et al. 2023

JMSE

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Effects of alarm cues on behavior and physiology of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Zhao,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Reports

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Macroalgae and interspecific alarm cues regulate behavioral interactions between sea urchins and sea cucumbers

Sun

Zhao

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Sea urchins and sea cucumbers are mutually beneficial organisms in kelp ecosystem. As herbivores, sea urchins process kelp through feeding and egestion, providing inaccessible food for benthic consumers such as sea cucumbers. Sea urchins in turn profit from the sediment cleaned by sea cucumbers. However, behavioral interactions between them remain poorly understood, which greatly hampers our understanding on the relationship between ecologically important benthic species in marine ecosystems and the regulating mechanism. The present study investigated behavioral interactions between sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius and sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus in laboratory conditions. We revealed that the presence of sea urchins caused significant higher speed movement of A. japonicus. Interestingly, the negative effects of S. intermedius on A. japonicus were significantly reduced in the shared macroalgal area. For the first time, we found the interspecific responses to alarm cues between sea cucumbers and sea urchins. Conspecific responses were significantly larger than the interspecific responses in both sea urchins and sea cucumbers. This indicates that interspecific response to alarm cues is an efficient approach to anti-predation and coexistence in mutually beneficial organisms. The present study shed light on the interspecific relationships and coexistence between sea urchins and sea cucumbers in kelp ecosystem.

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Conspecific alarm cues are a potential effective barrier to regulate foraging behavior of the sea urchin Mesocentrotus nudus

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Artificial Reefs Reduce Morbidity and Mortality of Small Cultured Sea Cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus at High Temperature

Artificial Reefs Reduce Morbidity and Mortality of Small Cultured Sea Cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus at High Temperature

Effects of alarm cues on behavior and physiology of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Macroalgae and interspecific alarm cues regulate behavioral interactions between sea urchins and sea cucumbers

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