Constant-Envelope Modulation of Ince-Gaussian Beams for High Bandwidth Underwater Wireless Optical Communications

Robertson, Evan G.; Pires, Danilo Gomes; Dai, Kun; Free, Justin; Kimmel, Kaitlyn; Litchinitser, Natalia M.; Miller, J. Keith; Johnson, Eric

doi:10.1109/jlt.2023.3252466

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Propagation of IG beams in uniaxial crystals was studied in [14]. IG beams are used for underwater data transmission [15]. Propagation of IG beams in a turbulent atmosphere was considered in [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structurally Invariant Higher-Order Ince-Gaussian Beams and Their Expansions into Hermite-Gaussian or Laguerre-Gaussian Beams

Abramochkin,

Kotlyar,

Kovalev

2024

Applied Sciences

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Paraxial beam modes, which propagate in space and focus without changing their transverse intensity pattern, are of great value for multiplexing transmitted data in optical communications, both in waveguides and in free space. The best-known paraxial modes are the Hermite-Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian beams. Here, we derive explicit analytical expressions for Ince-Gaussian (IG) beams for several first values of the indices p = 3, 4, 5, and 6. In total, we obtain expressions for the amplitudes of 24 IG beams. These formulae are written as superpositions of the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) or Hermite-Gaussian (HG) beams, with the superposition coefficients explicitly depending on the ellipticity parameter. Due to simultaneous representation of the IG modes via the LG and HG modes, it is easy to obtain the IG modes in the limiting cases wherein the ellipticity parameter is zero or approaches infinity. The explicit dependence of the obtained expressions for the IG modes on the ellipticity parameter makes it possible to change the intensity pattern at the beam cross-section by continuously varying the parameter values. For the first time, the intensity distributions of the IG beams are obtained for negative values of the ellipticity parameter. The obtained expressions could facilitate a theoretical analysis of properties of the IG modes and could find practical applications in the numerical simulation or generation of such beams with a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structurally Invariant Higher-Order Ince-Gaussian Beams and Their Expansions into Hermite-Gaussian or Laguerre-Gaussian Beams

Abramochkin,

Kotlyar,

Kovalev

2024

Applied Sciences

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“…IG modes, which are exact solutions of the paraxial wave equation in elliptic cylindrical coordinate, are transition modes between Laguerre-Gaussian modes and Hermite-Gaussian modes 6,7 . IG modes with varieties of shapes have wide application prospects in the areas of optical trapping 8 , wireless communication 9 , optical storage 10 , and quantum optics 11 . Helical Ince-Gaussian (HIG) modes beams can be constructed by forming a combination of the even mode and odd mode IG beams 6,12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation properties of helical Ince–Gaussian beam in oceanic turbulence

Zhang,

Hou,

Bai

et al. 2023

Eighteenth National Conference on Laser Technology and Optoelectronics

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The propagation properties of Helical Ince-Gaussian (HIG) beams in oceanic turbulence are analyzed using the random phase screen method. A comparative analysis of the spot centroid wander and the scintillation indices of different order HIG modes as a function of propagation distance has been performed. A comparative analysis of the spot centroid wander and the scintillation indices of different order HIG modes as a function of propagation distance has been performed. The results indicate that compared to the LG0,1 mode, the HIG mode with order p=m⪆1 has a smaller standard deviation of spot centroid wander and scintillation index during propagation. Especially, the standard deviation of the spot centroid wander decreases with the increase of the HIG mode’s order, while the scintillation indices of odd-order HIGm,m beams are generally higher than those of even-order HIGm,m modes. In addition, the scintillation index of the odd-order HIGm,m beam decreases with the increase of the ellipticity parameter, while that of the even-order HIGm,m beam increases. Finally, we conclude that under the influence of oceanic turbulence, the HIG mode has a lower scintillation index than the IG mode at the same propagation distance. The results have significant implications for the oceanic applications of the HIG modes.

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