Constituent integration during the processing of compound words: Does it involve the use of relational structures?

Gagné, Christina L.; Spalding, Thomas L.

doi:10.1016/j.jml.2008.07.003

Cited by 134 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Other areas where compound processing deserves more attention include languages with left-headed compounds (e.g. Italian or French;El Yagoubi, Chiarelli, Mondini, Perrone, Danieli, & Semenza, 2008;Nicoladis, & Krott, 2007), language production (Koester, & Schiller, 2008;Bien, Levelt, & Baayen, 2005;Roelofs, 1996) and the processing of constituent relations (Gagné, & Spalding, 2009;.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrophysiological evidence for incremental lexical-semantic integration in auditory compound comprehension

2009

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The present study investigated the time-course of semantic integration in auditory compound word processing. Compounding is a productive mechanism of word formation that is used frequently in many languages. Specifically, we examined whether semantic integration is incremental or is delayed until the head, the last constituent in German, is available. Stimuli were compounds consisting of three nouns, and the semantic plausibility of the second and the third constituent was manipulated independently (high vs. low). Participants' task was to listen to the compounds and evaluate them semantically. Event-related brain potentials in response to the head constituents showed an increased N400 for less plausible head constituents, reflecting the lexical-semantic integration of all three compound constituents. In response to the second (less plausible) constituents, an increased N400 with a central-left scalp distribution was observed followed by a parietal positivity. The occurrence of this N400 effect during the presentation of the second constituents suggests that the initial two non-head constituents are immediately integrated. The subsequent positivity might be an instance of a P600 and is suggested to reflect the structural change of the initially constructed compound structure. The results suggest that lexical-semantic integration of compound constituents is an incremental process and, thus, challenge a recent proposal on the time-course of semantic processing in auditory compound comprehension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the constituents have been activated semantically a structured integration process appears to be necessary to construct the compound meaning (Gagné, & Spalding, 2009). A mere co-activation or association of the constituents is not sufficient because the so-called head constituent determines the morphosyntactic features (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological evidence for incremental lexical-semantic integration in auditory compound comprehension

2009

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“…the number of morphemes or the existence of linking elements (Krott, Schreuder, Baayen, & Dressler, 2007), and semantic variables as e.g. the relationship between compound modifier and head, i.e., a teapot is a pot FOR tea, and a snowball is a ball MADE OF snow (Gagné & Spalding, 2009). …”

Section: Noun Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association norms for German noun compounds and their constituents

Walde

Borgwaldt

2015

Behav Res

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We present a collection of association norms to 246 German depictable compound nouns and their constituents, comprising 58,652 association tokens distributed over 26,004 stimulusassociate pair types. Analyses of the data reveal that participants mainly provided noun associations, followed by adjective and verb associations. In corpus analyses, co-occurrence values for compounds and their associations were below those for nouns in general and their associations. The semantic relations between compound stimuli and their associates were more often co-hyponymy and hypernymy and less often hyponymy than for associations to nouns in general. Finally, there was a moderate correlation between the overlap of associations to compounds and their constituents and the degree of semantic transparency. These data represent a collection of associations to German compound nouns and their constituents which constitute a valuable resource concerning the lexical semantic properties of the compound stimuli, and the semantic relations between the stimuli and their associations. More specifically, they can be used for stimulus selection, hypotheses testing and further research on morphologically complex words. The norms are available in text format (utf-8 encoding) as supplemental material.

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“…We consider and combine four different criteria: i) only the compound-modifier similarity (mod); (ii) only the compound-head similarity (head); a combination of the compound-modifier and the compound-head similarities, relying on (iii) the geometric mean (geom) or (iv) on the arithmetic mean (arith). We used different thresholds for each of these criteria throughout our experiments, with a specific focus on distinguishing the contributions of the modifiers vs. the heads in the splitting decision, following insights from recent work in psycholinguistic studies (Gagné and Spalding, 2009;Gagné and Spalding, 2011) as well as in computational approaches on noun compounding (Reddy et al, 2011;Schulte im Walde et al, 2013). Furthermore, we compare the effects of splitting with regard to two types of compounds, noun compounds and particle verbs: Both types are very productive and can generate a potentially infinite number of new forms.…”

Section: Semantically-informed Compound Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Degrees of Compositionality in Compound Splitting for Statistical Machine Translation

Weller

Cap

Müller

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the First Workshop on Computational Approaches to Compound Analysis (ComAComA 2014)

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The paper presents an approach to morphological compound splitting that takes the degree of compositionality into account. We apply our approach to German noun compounds and particle verbs within a German-English SMT system, and study the effect of only splitting compositional compounds as opposed to an aggressive splitting. A qualitative study explores the translational behaviour of non-compositional compounds.

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Constituent integration during the processing of compound words: Does it involve the use of relational structures?

Cited by 134 publications

References 78 publications

Electrophysiological evidence for incremental lexical-semantic integration in auditory compound comprehension

Electrophysiological evidence for incremental lexical-semantic integration in auditory compound comprehension

Association norms for German noun compounds and their constituents

Distinguishing Degrees of Compositionality in Compound Splitting for Statistical Machine Translation

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