Constituent Sugars of Some Northern Legume Nectars

Furgala, B.; Gochnauer, T. A.; Holdaway, F. G.

doi:10.1080/0005772x.1958.11095065

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The proportions of constituent simple sugars in nectar are relatively consistent parameters across wide groups of plants (Furgala et al 1958;Wykes 1952;Percival 1961). This provides researchers with a more reliable tool for evaluating nectar quality than the volume of nectar, which varies according to climatic conditions (Shuel 1955(Shuel , 1957, or is resorbed by the nectary (Jabĺoński and Szklanowska 1979;Búrquez and Corbet 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar quality in open-pollinated, pol CMS hybrid, and dominant SI hybrid oilseed summer rape

Pernal¹,

Currie²

1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. Nectar quality in open-pollinated, pol CMS hybrid, and dominant SI hybrid oilseed summer rape. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 79-89. Nectar sugar composition and temporal patterns of nectar sugar production were examined in oilseed summer rape (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera (Metzg.)) from six open-pollinated, eight pol cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) hybrid and seven dominant self-incompatible (SI) hybrid cultivars at three field plot sites in Manitoba. The total sugar content of nectar samples was measured by the Dreywood anthrone reaction for total carbohydrate, and simple sugar composition was determined using an enzymatic bioanalysis for D-glucose, D-fructose and sucrose. Hybrid and open-pollinated cultivar flowers had similar sugar content. Mean total sugar content per flower also did not vary among hybrid breeding systems when compared within individual weeks of the bloom period or within daily sampling periods. However, for all cultivars, total nectar sugar content per flower was lower during the 08:00 and 11:00 h sampling periods and increased to maximum levels during the 14:00 and 16:00 h sampling periods. Significant differences in nectar sugar content were also found in relation to the bloom phenology of the cultivars. Cultivars produced the greatest amount of sugar per flower during the first 2 wk of the bloom period, then sugar production decreased in the third and fourth weeks. Nectar sugar ratios from all cultivars averaged approximately 1:1 glucose:fructose. Nectar glucose content among cultivars was similar but, among breeding systems, CMS cultivars tended to have lower amounts of glucose than SI or open-pollinated cultivars. Selecting for higher total sugar content may produce nectars more attractive to foraging honeybees (Apis mellifera L.), thereby ensuring adequate pollination of hybrid parental lines and F 1 hybrid plants. Selecting for lower nectar glucose will produce honeys with more desirable granulation characteristics. Overall, the production and quality of nectar sugar in oilseed rape hybrids are similar to those of open-pollinated cultivars, and are not likely to adversely affect the pollinating activities of honeybees or their potential for honey production. spp. oleifera (Metzg.)) de six cultivars de fécondation libre, huit hybrides pol de stérilité mâle cytoplasmique (SMC), et sept hybrides dominants auto-incompatibles (AI) dans trois sites de terrains au Manitoba. Le contenu total de sucre des échantillons de nectar a été mesuré par la réaction anthrone Dreywood pour hydrate de carbone complet, et la composition de sucre simple a été déterminée en utilisant une analyse biologique enzymatique pour D-glucose, D-fructose et saccharose. Les fleurs hybrides ainsi que les fleurs cultivales de fécondation libre avaient un contenu de sucre semblable. Aussi, la moyenne de contenu total de sucre par fleur n'a pas varié parmi les systèmes de reproduction hybrides lorsque comparée à l'intérieur de la limite des semaines individuelles de la période de floraison ou à l'intérieur des périodes d'éch...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar quality in open-pollinated, pol CMS hybrid, and dominant SI hybrid oilseed summer rape

Pernal¹,

Currie²

1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Thus if the nectar normally contains only a trace of sucrose a very small or weak sample may show none on the chromatogram. But Furgala (1958) and coworkers, using a quantitative method, have found marked variation in composition within crops of legumes, which they attribute to variation in environmental conditions during the sampling period. A part of their figures is given in Table 3.…”

Section: Composition Of Nectar: Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furgala (1958) notes that Melilotus alba, whose nectar has this balance of sugars is a I preferred to lucerne, alsike, and red clover, where sucrose is dominant. Trifolium repens, the most 'attractive' crop and the chief source of nectar in Britain has the SFG type of nectar.…”

Section: Enzymes In Nectarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Types of Nectar in Angiosperms

Percival¹

1961

New Phytologist

443

257

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4. Eight hundred and twenty-eight species appear to have nectar of constant composition: sixty-one species have nectar which varies distinctly. The variation does not appear to be linked with locality or date of sampling.5. The distribution of nectar types is traced through the Herbaceae. 6. Sucrose-dominated nectars appear to be associated with long-tubed flowers having protected nectar, and fructose+glucose-dominated nectars with 'open' fiowers having unprotected nectars.7. Many humble-and honey-bee, butterfly and moth flowers have nectars with sucrose more or less strongly predominating over fructose and glucose.8. The climax groups of the Cruciferae, Umbelliferae, a section of the Compositae, the Euphorbiales and the herbaceous Rosaceae have a completely broken-down nectar of equal parts of fructose and glucose which is technically honey.9. The preference of Apis mellifcra for certain sugar mixtures and the types of nectar in some honey-bee flowers are explored.

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“…Wykes (1952a) reported two oligosaccharides in nectar composition, the trisaccharide raffinose, and disaccharide melibiose in some nectaries. In some varieties of clover the presence of disaccharide maltose also was identified, however, this maltose can be a contaminant from aphids (Furgala et al, 1958). Taufel & Reiss (1952) confirmed that sucrose, glucose, and fructose, sugars promptly accepted by honeybees are current compounds present in nectar but another sugars can be present.…”

Section: Sugar Concentration In Nectarmentioning

confidence: 85%