Constitution and Biosynthesis of Lignin

Freudenberg, Karl; Neish, A. C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-85981-6

Cited by 579 publications

(278 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Based on the finding that a natural enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) polymerizes phenols in plants [12], Klibanov et al developed an enzyme-based method for water treatment via HRP-catalyzed removal of phenols, which has been regarded as an alternative to conventional chemically-, energetically-and operationallyintensive methods [13]. However, large-scale use of this enzyme-based method in wastewater treatment remains to be explored, partly because of high cost and limited stability of HRP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a carbon nanotube/magnetic nanoparticle-based peroxidase-like nanocomplex and its application for highly efficient catalytic oxidation of phenols

et al. 2009

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We report a novel nanotechnology-based approach for the highly efficient catalytic oxidation of phenols and their removal from wastewater. We use a nanocomplex made of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). This nanocomplex retains the magnetic properties of individual MNPs and can be effectively separated under an external magnetic fi eld. More importantly, the formation of the nanocomplex enhances the intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of the MNPs that can catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Significantly, in the presence of H 2 O 2 , this nanocomplex catalyzes the oxidation of phenols with high effi ciency, generating insoluble polyaromatic products that can be readily separated from water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a carbon nanotube/magnetic nanoparticle-based peroxidase-like nanocomplex and its application for highly efficient catalytic oxidation of phenols

et al. 2009

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“…were used. For the other method to determine the 14 CO 2 release, the lignin of TMP-fibers was 14 C marked in vivo by the method of Freudenberg and Reichert (1954), Freudenberg (1968) and Trojanowski and Hüttermann (1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of enzymatic oxidation of TMP-fibers and lignin model compounds by a Laccase–Mediator-System using different 14C and 13C techniques

et al. 2011

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In this work, the results of the enzymatic oxidation of TMP-fibers (thermomechanical pulp) and a well-structured lignin model compound, the dehydropolymer (DHP), were investigated by different 14 C and 13 C methods, caused by a Laccase-Mediator-System (LMS). These methods are the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 13 C-NMR) with DHP (unmarked) and the determination of the 14 CO 2 release of 14 C-marked DHP and TMP-fibers. The 13 C-NMR measurements were chosen to analyze the structural changes of the LMS-treated DHP model compounds and TMP-fibers qualitatively and quantitatively. The data of 14 CO 2 release give an explanation of the demethylation of DHP and TMP-fibers. The effect of the LMS is shown by comparing the results in respect of DHP and TMP-fibers, which were only treated with laccase and of an inactivated LMS as the control. Comparing the results of the 13 C-NMR method, in particular the use of the Mediator during the enzymatical treatment, showed significant changes in the structure of the DHP. Also, the TMP-fibers were materially influenced by the LMS. The analysis of the 14 CO 2 release data of the 14 C-marked DHP and TMP-fibers revealed that the rate of 14 CO 2 increases in the 14 C-2 atom as well as in the O 14 CH 3 group within the first hour of Laccase-Mediator incubation. Therefore, the 14 CO 2 release from the DHP was higher than from the TMP-fibers.

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“…1. Generation of resonating phenoxyl radicals by enzymatic dehydrogenation of coniferyl alcohol (adapted from Freudenberg and Neish (1968)) In the resonance structures, the radical changes positions to stabilize the oxidized phenolic compound, but it forms various bonds with other radicals in any of the positions of the unpaired electron (Vanholme et al 2012). Such monolignols, having free radicals, can undergo radical coupling reactions and produce a number of dimers, called dilignols (van Parijs et al 2010;Vanholme et al 2012).…”

Section: Lignin Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laccase, an Emerging Tool to Fabricate Green Composites: A Review

Mahmood¹,

Hashim²,

Sulaiman³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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In the last two decades, laccases have received much attention from researchers because of their specific ability to oxidize lignin. This function of laccase is very useful for applications in several biotechnological processes, including delignification in the pulp and paper industry and the detoxification of industrial effluents from the textile and petrochemical industries. This review focuses on laccase-mediated fiberboard synthesis. Growing concerns regarding the emission of formaldehyde from wood composites has prompted industrialists to consider the fabrication of green composites. Laccase-mediated fiber treatments oxidize the lignin component without affecting the cellulose structure. As a result, free radicals are generated on the fiber surface, and these can act as potential reactive sites for further cross-linking reactions in board manufacturing. Binderless fiberboards prepared using such methods can be considered as green composites because the manufacturing process involves no additional resin.

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Constitution and Biosynthesis of Lignin

Cited by 579 publications

References 28 publications

Design of a carbon nanotube/magnetic nanoparticle-based peroxidase-like nanocomplex and its application for highly efficient catalytic oxidation of phenols

Design of a carbon nanotube/magnetic nanoparticle-based peroxidase-like nanocomplex and its application for highly efficient catalytic oxidation of phenols

Studies of enzymatic oxidation of TMP-fibers and lignin model compounds by a Laccase–Mediator-System using different 14C and 13C techniques

Laccase, an Emerging Tool to Fabricate Green Composites: A Review

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