Constitutional Principle of Equality in the Legal Systems of the BRICS States

Abstract

The article explores the principle of equality, one of the most established and widespread in the constitutional law in the BRICS countries, the practice of its consolidation, implementation, as well as the existing problems in this area. It is shown that the implementation of this principle should be associated with increased protection of some "vulnerable" groups of the population: national minorities, women, children, persons with disabilities and others. The provisions of constitutions and legislation of such countries as the Russian Federation, China, India, the Federal Republic of Brazil and South Africa are analyzed. It is concluded that in many cases the formal Declaration of the citizens' equality principle does not always correspond to the actual practice of social relations in such areas as the use of national languages, inter-ethnic relations, gender equality and so on. In this regard, measures are proposed to improve the legislative regulation of the relations in the BRICS countries question.

Understanding the Social Consequences of Legal Developments in India

“…Legal changes can advance social justice by prohibiting discriminatory actions, advancing equality, and ensuring that the rule of law is constantly enforced. [14] For instance, the decriminalization of homosexuality and the recent developments affecting transgender rights have marked essential milestones towards achieving gender equality and social justice. These legal advancements improve social justice by recognizing marginalized communities' rights and increasing access to justice for previously excluded groups.…”

Nursing students admitted through the affirmative action system display similar performance in professional and academic trajectories to those from the regular path in a public school in Brazil

“…Equality is one of the most established and general principles in the constitutions of most countries worldwide. However, this does not reflect reality since socioeconomic inequality remains a challenge in the global human rights agenda [ 1 , 2 ]. Furthermore, the disparities between classes are more pronounced in some countries than others [ 2 – 5 ].…”

“…However, this does not reflect reality since socioeconomic inequality remains a challenge in the global human rights agenda [ 1 , 2 ]. Furthermore, the disparities between classes are more pronounced in some countries than others [ 2 – 5 ]. In this aspect, Brazil is renowned for its persistent socioeconomic and racial inequality stemming from its history of colonization and slavery [ 2 – 8 ].…”

“…Furthermore, the disparities between classes are more pronounced in some countries than others [ 2 – 5 ]. In this aspect, Brazil is renowned for its persistent socioeconomic and racial inequality stemming from its history of colonization and slavery [ 2 – 8 ]. The growing recognition of socioeconomic and racial disparities in Brazil has led to public policies to promote social mobility in recent decades, referred to as affirmative action [ 8 – 10 ].…”