Constitutive expression of a pea apyrase, psNTP9, increases seed yield in field-grown soybean

Sabharwal, Tanya; Lu, Zhongjin; Slocum, Robert D.; Kang, Seongjoon; Wang, Huan; Jiang, Hanwei; Veerappa, Roopadarshini; Romanovicz, Dwight K.; Nam, Ji Chul; Birk, Simon; Clark, Greg; Roux, Stanley J.

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-14821-7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…During crop production, the transgene is inserted into a transformation strain, and then introgressed (repeatedly back-crossed into) an elite germplasm before deployment for agriculture. This introgression process segregates away the rest of the genome and places the insertion event into a new genetic background, effectively removing any off-target events that are not tightly linked [66][67][68] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR-targeted transposable element insertion for efficient plant genome engineering

Slotkin

Liu

Panda

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The current technologies to place new DNA into specific locations in plant genomes are low frequency and error-prone, and this inefficiency hampers genome editing approaches to develop improved crops. Often considered genome ‘parasites’, transposable elements (TEs) evolved to insert their DNA seamlessly into genomes. TEs select their site of insertion based on preferences for chromatin contexts, which differ for each TE type. We developed a genome engineering tool that controls the TE insertion site and cargo delivered, taking advantage of the TE’s natural ability to precisely insert into the genome. Inspired by CRISPR-associated transposases (CASTs) that target transposition in a programmable manner in bacteria, we generated a synthetic CAST by fusing the rice Pong TE transposase protein to the Cas9 or CPF1 programmable nucleases. We demonstrated sequence-specific targeted delivery (guided by the CRISPR gRNA) of enhancer elements, an open reading frame and gene expression cassette into the genome of the model plant Arabidopsis. We additionally translated this system into soybean, a major global crop in need of targeted insertion technology. We have engineered a TE ‘parasite’ into a usable and accessible toolkit that enables the sequence-specific targeting of custom DNA into plant genomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR-targeted transposable element insertion for efficient plant genome engineering

Slotkin

Liu

Panda

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Deposition in the cuticle on the epidermal cells is one of the modifications that plants adopt to enhance tolerance in water-deficient conditions [95]. A positive increase in the thickness was observed in both monocot and dicot plant leaves such as Hordeum vulgare L. [103], Gossypium hirsutum L. [104], Nicotiana Tabacum L. [105], Glycine max L. [106], Triticum aestivum L. [88], Arabidopsis thaliana L. [107] and Sorghum bicolor L. [108] under water stress. However, the thickness of the leaf cuticle is varying among the plant species or even in the same plants under different environmental conditions.…”

Section: Cuticle Thickness and Stomatal Density Responses In Monocots...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought-Induced Changes in Leaf Morphology and Anatomy: Overview, Implications and Perspectives

Yavas,

Jamal,

Ul Din

et al. 2023

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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The global climate change scenario intensified various environmental factors, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Drought is one of the most severe environmental stresses affecting plant productivity. Plants in the Mediterranean climate zone are exposed to heat and drought in summer, and these conditions have a significant effect on plant growth and development. However, in this case, the entry of CO 2 into mesophyll cells is prevented and therefore the rate of photosynthesis decreases which ultimately causes a reduction in plant growth. In order to acclimate to stressful environmental conditions, plants exhibit several structural modifications to cope with these harmful conditions. This review highlights some aspects of anatomical adaptive changes in plants under drought stresssuch as a reduction in leaf size and angle, stomatal position, epidermal thickness and deposition of the cuticle to prevent the loss of water from the leaf surface. Furthermore, it elaborates the role of buliform cells in leaf rolling, structural adaptation in the mesophyll cells, and the presence of trichomes. Mesophyll cells and bulliform cells provide easier rolling of leaves in case of intense drought. In arid conditions, the economical use of water by plants is possible by closing the stomata and reducing transpiration.

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Growth regulation by apyrases: Insights from altering their expression level in different organisms

Clark,

Tripathy,

Roux

2023

Plant Physiology

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Apyrase (APY) enzymes are nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) that can remove the terminal phosphate from NTPs and nucleoside diphosphates (NDPs) but not from nucleoside monophosphates. They have conserved structures and functions in yeast, plants, and animals. Among the most studied APYs in plants are those in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; AtAPYs) and pea (Pisum sativum; PsAPYs), both of which have been shown to play major roles in regulating plant growth and development. Valuable insights on their functional roles have been gained by transgenically altering their transcript abundance, either by constitutively expressing or suppressing APY genes. This review focuses on recent studies that have provided insights on the mechanisms by which APY activity promotes growth in different organisms. Most of these studies have used transgenic lines that constitutively expressed APY in multiple different plants and in yeast. As APY enzymatic activity can also be changed post-translationally by chemical blockage, this review also briefly covers studies that used inhibitors to suppress APY activity in plants and fungi. It concludes by summarizing some of the main unanswered questions about how APYs regulate plant growth and proposes approaches to answering them.

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Constitutive expression of a pea apyrase, psNTP9, increases seed yield in field-grown soybean

Cited by 3 publications

References 87 publications

CRISPR-targeted transposable element insertion for efficient plant genome engineering

CRISPR-targeted transposable element insertion for efficient plant genome engineering

Drought-Induced Changes in Leaf Morphology and Anatomy: Overview, Implications and Perspectives

Growth regulation by apyrases: Insights from altering their expression level in different organisms

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