Constraining baryon annihilation in the hadronic phase of heavy-ion collisions via event-by-event fluctuations

Savchuk, О.; Vovchenko, Volodymyr; Koch, Volker; Steinheimer, Jan; Stoecker, Horst

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2022.136983

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Neglecting the dynamics of the hadronic phase, this suppression is consistent with longrange, essentially global, conservation of the baryon number, while the additional effect of excluded volume cannot be distinguished within the presently available experimental uncertainties [19]. However, the agreement with the data breaks down when baryon annihilation in the hadronic phase modeled by UrQMD is incorporated simultaneously with global baryon conservation [20]. In this case, the agreement is recovered if a more local (in the rapidity space) conservation of the baryon number is imposed instead.…”

Section: Proton Number Cumulants From Hydrodynamicssupporting

confidence: 52%

Proton number cumulants and correlation functions from hydrodynamics and the QCD phase diagram

Vovchenko¹,

Koch²,

Shen³

2022

Preprint

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We analyze the behavior of (net-)proton number cumulants in central collisions of heavy ions across a broad collision energy range by utilizing hydrodynamic simulations. The calculations incorporate essential non-critical contributions to proton fluctuations such as repulsive baryonic core and exact baryon number conservation. The experimental data are consistent with non-critical physics at collision energies √ s NN ≥ 20 GeV. The data from STAR and HADES Collaborations at lower collision energies indicate an excess of (multi-)proton correlations over the non-critical reference. This observation is discussed in the context of different mechanisms, including the possibility of a critical point in the baryon-rich region of the QCD phase diagram.

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Section: Proton Number Cumulants From Hydrodynamicssupporting

confidence: 52%

Proton number cumulants and correlation functions from hydrodynamics and the QCD phase diagram

Vovchenko¹,

Koch²,

Shen³

2022

Preprint

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“…This means that even when only a reduced set of particles is taken into account, where the effect of the baryon number conservation is not as strong anymore, the process N N → 5π has a strong influence on the kurtosis. Compared to [36] we only see an effect of the annihilation process on the fourth cumulant.…”

Section: Baryon Annihilationmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…As a start, the impact of a baryon annihilation process in a simplified hadronic system is investigated. At higher beam ener-gies annihilation processes are important in the late stage hadronic rescattering phase [35,36]. Since the geometric collision criterion is employed the representative baryon annihilation process B B ↔ 5π has to be modeled with binary interactions.…”

Section: Net Baryon Number Fluctuationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of hadronic interactions and conservation laws on cumulants of conserved charges in a dynamical model

Hammelmann¹,

Elfner²

2022

Preprint

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Understanding the phase diagram of QCD by measuring fluctuations of conserved charges in heavy-ion collision is one of the main goals of the beam energy scan program at RHIC. Within this work, we calculate the role of hadronic interactions and momentum cuts on cumulants of conserved charges up to fourth order in a system in equilibrium within a hadronic transport approach (SMASH). In our model the net baryon, net charge and net strangeness is perfectly conserved on an event-by-event basis and the cumulants are calculated as a function of subvolume sizes and compared to analytic expectations. We find a modification of the kurtosis due to charge annihilation processes in systems with simplified degrees of freedom. Furthermore the result of the full SMASH hadron gas for the net baryon and net proton number fluctuations is presented for systems with zero and finite values of baryon chemical potential. Additionally we find that due to dynamical correlations the cumulants of the net baryon number cannot easily be recovered from the net protons. Finally the influence of deuteron cluster formation on the net proton and net baryon fluctuations in a simplified system is shown. This analysis is important to better understand the relation between measurements of fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions and theoretical calculation which are often performed in a grand canonical ensemble.

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“…Recently, the authors of Ref. [27] pointed out that precision measurements of κ 2 [p − p]/⟨p + p⟩ at the LHC are also sensitive both to the range of baryon conservation as well as to baryon annihilation in the hadronic phase. Namely, a surplus of annihilation over regeneration leads to an increase of κ 2 [p − p]/⟨p + p⟩ while reducing the range of correlations associated with baryon conservation brings this quantity down.…”

Section: Hydrodynamics Based Analysis Of (Net-)proton Fluctuationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluctuations of conserved charges in hydrodynamics and molecular dynamics

Vovchenko

2023

EPJ Web Conf.

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We present an overview of recent theoretical results on fluctuations of conserved charges in heavy-ion collisions obtained in relativistic hydrodynamics and molecular dynamics frameworks. In particular, we discuss the constraints on the location of the QCD critical point based on comparisons of experimental data on proton number cumulants with precision calculations of noncritical contributions. We also cover recent developments on critical fluctuations in molecular dynamics simulations.

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Constraining baryon annihilation in the hadronic phase of heavy-ion collisions via event-by-event fluctuations

Cited by 16 publications

References 51 publications

Proton number cumulants and correlation functions from hydrodynamics and the QCD phase diagram

Proton number cumulants and correlation functions from hydrodynamics and the QCD phase diagram

Impact of hadronic interactions and conservation laws on cumulants of conserved charges in a dynamical model

Fluctuations of conserved charges in hydrodynamics and molecular dynamics

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