Constraining CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; emissions from open biomass burning  by satellite observations of co-emitted species: a method and  its application to wildfires in Siberia

Konovalov, I. B.; Berezin, E. V.; Ciais, Philippe; Broquet, Grégoire; Beekmann, Matthias; Hadji‐Lazaro, Juliette; Clerbaux, Cathy; Andreae, Meinrat O.; Kaiser, J. W.; Schulze, E.

doi:10.5194/acp-14-10383-2014

Cited by 76 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(152 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

130

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The thermal radiation recorded in satellite products is additionally reduced by cloud cover and erroneous flagging of smoke as clouds during data processing. Konovalov et al (2014) nevertheless found FRE-to-DM relationships relatively similar to those of the earlier small-scale experiments when using atmospheric observations and biomass burning trace gas and aerosol emissions factors to estimate fuel consumption. Exploring methods to incorporate the fire diurnal cycle in the GFAS global FRP-based near real time emission inventory is a first step in taking into account some of these issues in order to improve global FRE estimates made at relatively high spatiotemporal resolutions, and hopefully also in reconciling some of the differences in current emission inventories.…”

Section: Model Performance and The Modis Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…For the same reason, temperate and boreal forests have been reported to show a more pronounced diurnal cycle than grasslands ( Fig. 2; Sofiev et al, 2013;Konovalov et al, 2014). Building on the land cover based analysis of Roberts et al (2009), we provide a first analysis of the spatial distribution of the fire diurnal cycle.…”

Section: N Andela Et Al: New Fire Diurnal Cycle Characterizations Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

New fire diurnal cycle characterizations to improve fire radiative energy assessments made from MODIS observations

Andela¹,

Kaiser

Werf³

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Accurate near real time fire emissions estimates are required for air quality forecasts. To date, most approaches are based on satellite-derived estimates of fire radiative power (FRP), which can be converted to fire radiative energy (FRE) which is directly related to fire emissions. Uncertainties in these FRE estimates are often substantial. This is for a large part because the most often used low-Earth orbit satellite-based instruments such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) have a relatively poor sampling of the usually pronounced fire diurnal cycle. In this paper we explore the spatial variation of this fire diurnal cycle and its drivers using data from the geostationary Meteosat Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI). In addition, we sampled data from the SEVIRI instrument at MODIS detection opportunities to develop two approaches to estimate hourly FRE based on MODIS active fire detections. The first approach ignored the fire diurnal cycle, assuming persistent fire activity between two MODIS observations, while the second approach combined knowledge on the climatology of the fire diurnal cycle with active fire detections to estimate hourly FRE. The full SEVIRI time series, providing full coverage of the fire diurnal cycle, were used to evaluate the results. Our study period comprised of 3 years (2010-2012), and we focused on Africa and the Mediterranean basin to avoid the use of potentially lower quality SEVIRI data obtained at very far off-nadir view angles. We found that the fire diurnal cycle varies substantially over the study region, and depends on both fuel and weather conditions. For example, more "intense" fires characterized by a fire diurnal cycle with high peak fire activity, long duration over the day, and with nighttime fire activity are most common in areas of large fire size (i.e., large burned area per fire event). These areas are most prevalent in relatively arid regions. Ignoring the fire diurnal cycle generally resulted in an overestimation of FRE, while including information on the climatology of the fire diurnal cycle improved FRE estimates. The approach based on knowledge of the climatology of the fire diurnal cycle also improved distribution of FRE over the day, although only when aggregating model results to coarser spatial and/or temporal scale good correlation was found with the full SEVIRI hourly reference data set. We recommend the use of regionally varying fire diurnal cycle information within the Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS) used in the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Services, which will improve FRE estimates and may allow for further reconciliation of biomass burning emission estimates from different inventories.

show abstract

Section: Model Performance and The Modis Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 48%

Section: N Andela Et Al: New Fire Diurnal Cycle Characterizations Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

New fire diurnal cycle characterizations to improve fire radiative energy assessments made from MODIS observations

Andela¹,

Kaiser

Werf³

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Emissions from forest fires (van der Werf et al, 2006;Sofiev et al, 2013) and from agricultural fires in southern Siberia, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine (Korontzi et al, 2006) in spring and summer are large sources of trace gases such as carbon monoxide (Nédélec et al, 2005;Konovalov et al, 2014) as well as aerosol particles (Konovalov et al, 2015). Aerosols emitted by forest fires are of particular interest, since the strength of this source type depends on both climate change and human behaviour (Pechony and Shindell, 2010), and since particles emitted by these fires have potentially large radiative effects over Eurasia (Randerson et al, 2006).…”

Section: Large-scale Pollutant Transport and Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During and after fires, significant changes take place in the forest ecosystems, including the soil. These changes include (i) a significant amount of biomass is combusted, and large amounts of carbon and nitrogen are released to the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide and other gases or particles (Harden et al, 2000;Andreae and Merlet, 2001;Kaiser et al, 2012;Konovalov et al, 2014;; (ii) fire alters the microbial community structure in the soil as well as the structure of the vegetation (Dooley and Treseder, 2012;Sun et al, 2015); (iii) fires determine the structure of the vegetation, succession dynamics and the fragmentation of forest cover, tree species composition, and the productivity of boreal forests (Gewehr et al, 2014), and (iv) fire is one of the crucial drivers controlling the dynamics of the carbon stock of boreal forests (Jonsson and Wardle, 2010;Köster et al, 2014).…”

Section: Natural Hazards Extreme Weather and Fire Occurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The northern Eurasian regions and Arctic Ocean will very likely undergo substantial changes during the next decades. The Arctic-boreal natural environments play a crucial role in the global climate via albedo change, carbon sources and sinks as well as atmospheric aerosol production from biogenic volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it is expected that global trade activities, demographic movement, and use of natural resources will be increasing in the Arctic regions. There is a need for a novel research approach, which not only identifies and tackles the relevant multi-disciplinary research questions, but also is able to make a holistic system analysis of the expected feedbacks. In this paper, we introduce the research agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX), a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary and international program started in 2012 (https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/peex/). PEEX sets a research approach by which large-scale research topics are investigated from a system perspective and which aims to fill the key gaps in our understanding of the feedbacks and interactions between the land-atmosphereaquatic-society continuum in the northern Eurasian region. We introduce here the state of the art for the key topics in the PEEX research agenda and present the future prospects of the research, which we see relevant in this context.

show abstract

“…In the second approach, Berezin et al (2013) estimated multiannual relative changes of FF CO 2 emissions from China by using satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and emission inventory data on the ratio of FF emissions of CO 2 and nitrogen oxides (NO x = NO + NO 2 ). A similar approach was employed by Konovalov et al (2014) to obtain estimates of CO 2 emissions from biomass burning in Siberia by using satellite measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) and of aerosol optical depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of fossil-fuel CO<sub>2</sub> emissions using satellite measurements of "proxy" species

Konovalov¹,

Berezin²,

Ciais³

et al. 2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Fossil-fuel (FF) burning releases carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) together with many other chemical species, some of which, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and carbon monoxide (CO), are routinely monitored from space. This study examines the feasibility of estimation of FF CO 2 emissions from large industrial regions by using NO 2 and CO column retrievals from satellite measurements in combination with simulations by a mesoscale chemistry transport model (CTM). To this end, an inverse modeling method is developed that allows estimating FF CO 2 emissions from different sectors of the economy, as well as the total CO 2 emissions, in a given region. The key steps of the method are (1) inferring "top-down" estimates of the regional budget of anthropogenic NO x and CO emissions from satellite measurements of proxy species (NO 2 and CO in the case considered) without using formal a priori constraints on these budgets, (2) the application of emission factors (the NO xto-CO 2 and CO-to-CO 2 emission ratios in each sector) that relate FF CO 2 emissions to the proxy species emissions and are evaluated by using data of "bottom-up" emission inventories, and (3) cross-validation and optimal combination of the estimates of CO 2 emission budgets derived from measurements of the different proxy species. Uncertainties in the top-down estimates of the NO x and CO emissions are evaluated and systematic differences between the measured and simulated data are taken into account by using original robust techniques validated with synthetic data. To examine the potential of the method, it was applied to the budget of emissions for a western European region including 12 countries by using NO 2 and CO column amounts retrieved from, respectively, the OMI and IASI satellite measurements and simulated by the CHIMERE mesoscale CTM, along with the emission conversion factors based on the EDGAR v4.2 emission inventory. The analysis was focused on evaluation of the uncertainty levels for the top-down NO x and CO emission estimates and "hybrid" estimates (that is, those based on both atmospheric measurements of a given proxy species and respective bottom-up emission inventory data) of FF CO 2 emissions, as well as on examining consistency between the FF NO 2 emission estimates derived from measurements of the different proxy species. It is found that NO 2 measurements can provide much stronger constraints to the total annual FF CO 2 emissions in the study region than CO measurements, the accuracy of the NO 2 -measurement-based CO 2 emission estimate being mostly limited by the uncertainty in the top-down NO x emission estimate. Nonetheless, CO measurements are also found to be useful as they provide additional constraints to CO 2 emissions and enable evaluation of the hybrid FF CO 2 emission estimates obtained from NO 2 measurements. Our most reliable estimate for the total annual FF CO 2 emissions in the study region in 2008 (2.71 ± 0.30 Pg CO 2 ) is found to be about 11 and 5 % lower than the respective estimates based on the EDGAR v.4.2 (3....

show abstract

Constraining CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from open biomass burning by satellite observations of co-emitted species: a method and its application to wildfires in Siberia

Cited by 76 publications

References 98 publications

New fire diurnal cycle characterizations to improve fire radiative energy assessments made from MODIS observations

New fire diurnal cycle characterizations to improve fire radiative energy assessments made from MODIS observations

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

Estimation of fossil-fuel CO<sub>2</sub> emissions using satellite measurements of "proxy" species

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Constraining CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions from open biomass burning by satellite observations of co-emitted species: a method and its application to wildfires in Siberia

Cited by 76 publications

References 98 publications

New fire diurnal cycle characterizations to improve fire radiative energy assessments made from MODIS observations

New fire diurnal cycle characterizations to improve fire radiative energy assessments made from MODIS observations

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

Estimation of fossil-fuel CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions using satellite measurements of &quot;proxy&quot; species

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Constraining CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from open biomass burning by satellite observations of co-emitted species: a method and its application to wildfires in Siberia

Estimation of fossil-fuel CO<sub>2</sub> emissions using satellite measurements of "proxy" species