Constraining size-dependence of vegetation respiration rates

Ito, Akihiko

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61239-0

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Ecosystems with higher productivity had lower EFF PL , and from plant to soil (Figure 4, Table S3 in Supporting Information S1). Plants with higher productivity generally require more nutrients to grow (Raich & Tufekciogul, 2000), and if they are nutrient‐limited, they need to invest more metabolic energy (related to autotrophic respiration) to take up nutrients from soil (Ito, 2020). It is also possible that plants with low productivity have to evolve corresponding strategies to conserve more C for growth and turnover, instead of releasing it as waste.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Carbon Transfer From Plant to Soil Is More Efficient in Less Productive Ecosystems

Fan

Bai

Zhang

et al. 2023

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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The organic carbon (C) in soil is mainly from plants via litter decomposition. Here, we developed a new litter decomposition submodel incorporating the microbial biomass effect on the decomposition rate based on the Michaelis‐Menten kinetics. This new submodel was coupled with the existing plant and soil submodels to simulate C cycling in natural ecosystems in the continental United States. The C transfer efficiency (EFF), defined as the percentage of C transferred to the next layer in the plant‐litter‐soil continuum, was quantified in different types of natural ecosystems. We estimated that on average 48.1% of gross primary productivity (GPP) was transferred from plant to litter and 15.1% of litterfall was transferred from litter to soil, meaning that the C that finally enters soil was on average approximately 7.3% of GPP. Ecosystems with a drier climate and lower GPP had higher EFF from plant to soil. The EFF concept we proposed provides an empirical proxy for diagnosing ecosystem C cycling and a framework for projecting the change of C fluxes and C pool sizes in response to climate change. If C transfer can represent energy transfer analogous to Lindeman Efficiency, our results suggest a pattern of resource and energy transfer in nature: higher resource or energy availability usually means lower resource or energy transfer efficiency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Carbon Transfer From Plant to Soil Is More Efficient in Less Productive Ecosystems

Fan

Bai

Zhang

et al. 2023

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…Global autotrophic respiration, R a , is estimated at 64 ± 12 Pg C yr −1 (Ito, 2020). This term is also called "maintenance respiration" and consists mainly of dark respiration.…”

Section: Bottom-up Estimates Of Gross Co 2 Fluxes From Land Ecosystem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Precise determination of R a is difficult as it also involves a substantial below ground component, and is expected to vary with biome and climate. Estimates of NPP (GPP – R a ), are generally assumed to be of the order of 50% of GPP (i.e., Ito, 2020).…”

Section: The Terrestrial Carbon Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

How Well Do We Understand the Land‐Ocean‐Atmosphere Carbon Cycle?

Crisp

Dolman

Tanhua

et al. 2022

Reviews of Geophysics

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Fossil fuel combustion, land use change and other human activities have increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) abundance by about 50% since the beginning of the industrial age. The atmospheric CO2 growth rates would have been much larger if natural sinks in the land biosphere and ocean had not removed over half of this anthropogenic CO2. As these CO2 emissions grew, uptake by the ocean increased in response to increases in atmospheric CO2 partial pressure (pCO2). On land, gross primary production also increased, but the dynamics of other key aspects of the land carbon cycle varied regionally. Over the past three decades, CO2 uptake by intact tropical humid forests declined, but these changes are offset by increased uptake across mid‐ and high‐latitudes. While there have been substantial improvements in our ability to study the carbon cycle, measurement and modeling gaps still limit our understanding of the processes driving its evolution. Continued ship‐based observations combined with expanded deployments of autonomous platforms are needed to quantify ocean‐atmosphere fluxes and interior ocean carbon storage on policy‐relevant spatial and temporal scales. There is also an urgent need for more comprehensive measurements of stocks, fluxes and atmospheric CO2 in humid tropical forests and across the Arctic and boreal regions, which are experiencing rapid change. Here, we review our understanding of the atmosphere, ocean, and land carbon cycles and their interactions, identify emerging measurement and modeling capabilities and gaps and the need for a sustainable, operational framework to ensure a scientific basis for carbon management.

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“…Precise determination of R a is difficult as it also involves a substantial below ground component, and is expected to vary with biome and climate. Estimates of NPP (GPP -R a ), are generally assumed to be of the order of 50% of GPP (i.e., Ito, 2020).…”

Section: Bottom-up Estimates Of Gross Co 2 Fluxes From Land Ecosystem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle?

Crisp

Dolman

Tanhua

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Since the beginning of the industrial age, human activities have increased the atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) to levels never before seen in human history. These large increases are driving climate change because CO 2 is an efficient greenhouse gas with atmospheric residence times spanning years to millennia (see Box 6.1 of Ciais et al. [2013]). Bottom-up statistical inventories indicate that fossil fuel combustion, industry, agriculture, forestry, and other human activities are now adding more than 11.5 Pg of carbon (Pg C) to the atmosphere each year (Friedlingstein et al., 2019(Friedlingstein et al., , 2020(Friedlingstein et al., , 2021. Direct measurements of CO 2 in the atmosphere and in air bubbles in ice cores (Etheridge et al., 1996) indicate that human activities have increased the globally averaged atmospheric CO 2 dry air mole fraction from less than 277 parts

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Constraining size-dependence of vegetation respiration rates

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

The Carbon Transfer From Plant to Soil Is More Efficient in Less Productive Ecosystems

The Carbon Transfer From Plant to Soil Is More Efficient in Less Productive Ecosystems

How Well Do We Understand the Land‐Ocean‐Atmosphere Carbon Cycle?

How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle?

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